What is the pressure on the ground?

Earth pressure concerns the natural movement of earth soil. Movements will often exert pressure on existing structures. Sometimes it is referred to as side pressure on the ground, which is measured by the amount of tension that occurs against the basement or support wall. There are three types of forces, including calm, passive or active ground pressure. Natural movements and changes in the soil cause the foundation to move. Most of these changes and movements are mild. Despite the fact that most cases are slightly sufficiently to not detect, there are cases where the amount of pressure is strong enough to lead to visible cracks, tilt, decaying or even complete relocation. Since the land of Earth is constantly evolving and turning into a difference in rates in certain periods of time, many years may pass before any effects can be seen. Some types of soils or landscape are more vulnerable to changes, which means that structures built in these areas are more likely to fail or suffer damage earlier.

There are several theories that try to explain the type and amount of active pressure on the ground. One of them is Rankin's theory. It assumes that soil and horizontal structures do not experience pressure. Rather, there is only pressure in the vertical walls. Disorders occur in a certain parameter and manifest as a wedge in the structure due to the force that is parallel to the wall.

Another theory called Coulomb theory states that there is an active pressure between structure and earth soil. The pressure does not only occur in vertical structures, but also horizontal. Pressure forces and fictodle theories occur from soil in other areas that are not parallel to the structure.

Both of these theories include mathematical calculations that can be used to determine the amount of soil pressure. The calculations are used to predict active and passive pressure on the ground. With passive pressure with a wall or structure move withmeasurement to the soil. In active cases, the structures are displaced from the soil. On the other hand, in rest, they do not indicate any movement, either because of the insignificant amount of pressure or no changes in the composition of the Earth.