What is the metabolomics?
Metabolomics is a new branch in analytical biochemistry that is related to metabolism - the process of converting food energy into mechanical energy or heat. Metabolism by -products known as metabolites are produced in biological samples such as urine, saliva and blood plasma. Metabolomics refers to the study of these metabolitic profiles, which are produced in biological samples. In the case of plant biology, specific tissue samples are used for metabolite profiling. Metabolomics grew together with genomics and proteomics since the mid -90s as a result of the Human Genome Project project, focused on mapping the human gene system.
cell activity processes such as cell signaling, energy transmission and communication to cells are controlled metabolites. Metaboloma is a collection of all metabolites in the cell at some point. People have many types of cells with different metabolomas, but metabolomics are engaged in studying metabolites with low molecular-via, such as lipids, sugars and amino acidsy. These are also known as small molecules. Genetic disorders, diseases or environmental disorders can be explained by studying metaboloma changes. A study of metabolites, namely metabolomics, therefore can help diagnose disease or study the effects of annoying substances.
There are two additional approaches that are used for metabolomic investigation: metabolic profiling and metabolic fingerprints. In metabolic profiling, quantitative analytical methods are used to measure metabolites of a particular class. In the metabolic fingerprint, the fingerprints are compared to determine whether the metabolites have changed due to the disease or exposure to toxins. Chromatograms and statistical methods could be used to perform this type of comparison. It is a semi -quantitative method that can actually be used on a wide range of metabolites. Metabolomics can be studied by combining metabolic profiling andfingerprints.
Scientists expect metabolomics to help health care in many ways. It should be able to produce safer drugs and better identify groups of people who are likely to benefit from the drug. Metabolomics can also help diagnose the disease and monitor various medical treatments. Integrated with proteomics and genomics, for example, metabolomics are used to find out why some people are more susceptible to liver damage from certain drugs. The field is expected to play an important role in systemic biology in the long run, and in the short term, it is expected to provide biomarkers for the study of disease and exposure to toxin.