What is molecular chemistry?
Molecular chemistry is the chemistry of molecules that covers most of the chemistry as a whole. The molecules consist of various combinations of atoms, basic building blocks of everything around us. There are naturally 92 elements on Earth, except for 25 artificial elements that are created in small amounts in particle accelerators and nuclear reactors. Of the 92 natural elements, different arrangements are 12 99% of all rocks and soils, while the arrangement 5 accounts for 99.97% of the atmosphere. Other elements are found in trace amounts, usually one part per million or less.
The foundations of molecular chemistry are based on the properties of atoms called Valence. Each atom consists of small particles called electrons orbiting the core made of particles called protons and neutrons. These electrons of the orbit are "shells" determined by laws of physics - the first shell has a capacity of two electrons, the second has a capacity of 6, third 10, fourth 14, fifth 18, sixth 22 and seventh 26.
If the atom has "too few" electrons, so its farthest electron shell (also known as orbital) has more or less than eight electrons, wants to get rid of electrons or get them with another atom. The tendency to "want" eight electrons in the outer shell, the same number that is found in noble gases, such as helium (the most stable elements), is called otectttet rule, the basic fact of molecular chemistry. These forces are dictated by the laws of electromagnetism.
For visualization of molecular chemistry, here is an example. A common molecule is salt, nacl or sodium chloride. The salt consists of two atoms locked together in atomic binding. The farthest electron sodium shell has only one electron, but has a capacity for ten. The farthest chlorine shell has seven electrons, but the capacity of FNEbo ten. When both connect, they get eight electrons into their collective outer shell and satisfy the rule of octet. The rule of octets isFulfilled in countless molecules. These links can be easily represented in the pictures using Lewis Dot Diagrams.
When the atoms are combined in stable structures, they form molecules that are also called compounds. Pure compounds or mixtures of compounds with uniform properties are called substance . Compounds in the substance can interact with other compounds, leading to situations called chemical reactions. Chemical reactions are constantly taking place all around us, especially in our body, which are real boilers of chemical reactions. When we eat food, it is to provide our body with molecules that can undergo chemical reactions to release energy for its operation.