What is the connection between sulfuric acid and water?

One of the methods of sulfuric acid preparation is the hydration of the sulfur dioxide molecule (SO _{3 ) with a molecule of water (H 2 o). The reaction is 3 + h 2 o → h 2 so 4 . Obviously, sulfuric acid carries a close connection to the water; In addition, it is completely soluble in the water. The combination of concentrated sulfuric acid with water is potentially dangerous because the reaction can be violent. This is because both substances interact - not only through one or two mechanisms - but through a series of mechanisms, each of which adds gradually to the overall release of energy.}

pure sulfuric acid is not only polar; In fact, it can be ionized through the transmission of protons, which is a process known as "auto-protolysis". This ionization reaction is written 2 h _{2 so 4 → [h 3 so 4 ] This phenomenon facilitates acid and water sulfur and creationGuidancelines. In this way, energy in the form of heat enters the surrounding system. In the case of sulfuric acid, one or two hydrogen ions can leave the acid to connect with the nearby water molecules. Such a positively charged "hydronia" ions (H 3 o +) easily formed, because the atoms of the water molecules offer an electrons -rich environment for which hydrogen ions are drawn. The hydron -ion geometry is more symmetrical than the water molecule. This allows a uniform distribution of charge and adds to the release of energy to the system when combined with sulfuric acid and water.}

Another release of energy supported by symmetry is the formation of a double -charged anion of sulphate (SO _{4 -2 ). Two free electronym can settle on one of the four oxygen atoms. Like the charges, they repel each other to release energy into the system if they can escapeto the ion areas of the ion; Obviously, this action releases energy, because on the contrary - receiving as fees - requires energy. High dielectric constants of acid and water sulfur allow a high degree of charge when combined. Add to this further stabilization allowed by additional layers of water surrounding the innermost hydrogen layer.}

For the above reasons, care should be taken in the combination of concentrated acid and sulfur water. Acid should be added gradually to mixing water, rather than vice versa. This prevents excessive heat release, leading to sudden cooking with violent ejection of acid on the skin or into the eyes. The combination of sulfuric acid and water is applied in the production of fertilizers, steel production, bl.ching kraft pulp and in automobile batteries.