What is the electrolysis of water?
Water electrolysis is a process that uses an electric current to divide the water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. It is often performed as an experiment in secondary school scientific laboratories and has been studied as a method of obtaining hydrogen fuel. Since 2010, however, water electrolysis has not found wide commercial or industrial use. The process requires three components: electrical source, two electrodes and water. In order to allow the electric current to pass water, substances must be added to it. These substances dissolve to create something called electrolytes.
Electrolyte is any substance that leads electricity. Electrolytes are able to perform electricity because they consist of electrically charged atoms or molecules called ions. Although water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen ions, the water molecule itself has a neutral electric charge. Salt or FK water is commonly added by EW drops from acid or base to form an electrolyte solution.
Battery, direct current power supply (DC) or solar electricRic panels are commonly used to supply electricity for water electrolysis. Two electrodes are connected to an electric source and immersed in a water container. After the application of electricity, the water molecules begin to divide and create unstable hydrogen ions (H
+
) and hydroxide (OH-).
hydrogen ions that lack the electron are positively charged. They migrate towards a negative electrode where free electrons flow into the water. Here, hydrogen ions obtain an electron to form stable hydrogen atoms. Individual hydrogen atoms are combined to form hydrogen molecules (H
2 ) that bubble on the surface. This reaction can be expressed as: 2 H
+
+ 2 E- → H2.
On the other hand, too many electrons carry hydroxide ions. They migrate towards a positive electrode where other electrons are removed and drawn into the electrical circuit. This leaves oxygen molecules and water. This rThe eakti can be expressed as: 4 oh -
-4 EAlthough the electrolysis of water was limited mainly to the laboratories, the use of hydrogen as a source of pure energy has brought a restored interest. However, finding a pure energy source for reaction control is practical and environmental concerns. Water electrolysis is neither efficient nor cheap.
Fuel costs were the main obstacle. Another impact of electrical production is another. In particular, carbon dioxide released by thermal power plants should be considered. These environmental and technological problems may not be unsurpassed. As long as they overcome, but water hydrolysis remains an impractical source for fulfilling the energy needs of the company.