What is neutrino?

The particles with a very low mass, around the electron and without electric charge, is an elusive subatomical particle. Neutrino is so shy that the duration between the theory of its existence and its real discovery was 25 years. Wolfgang Pauli, a famous quantum physicist, was theorized to neutrino in 1931. It was discovered by Frederick Reines and Clyde Cowan in 1956 in a neutrino observatory located with a nuclear power plant in the Savannah River in South Carolina. But because neutrinos have such a low weight and interact only slightly with atoms, they can penetrate densely wrapped matter before interacting with the atom. For this reason, it is very difficult to find out.

neutrina are generated during an event known in physics as beta. It seemed to be hopeless to detect neutrinos until nuclear technology arrival. Atomic bombs and nuclear reactors have proven to be rich sources of neutrino activities due to the typical place on Earth. The first neutrino detectors weretanks filled with water and cadmium chloride. The first detected neutrino was not actually conventional neutrino, but anti-neutrino.

When the anti-neutrino collided with the proton in the neutrinos detector, the interaction created neutron and positron or antielectron. The resulting antielectron would quickly destroy one of the electrons orbiting the core, resulting in a spray of two photons. Then a stray neutron released from the disintegration of the atom eventually (~ 15 ms) would be picked up by another, intact atom and released more photons (light). This distinct two -stage photon release formula could be enlarged by photamplifikators, which triggered the register and provided positive evidence for neutrino Impact.

With modern methods, up to one neutrin per day is detected in our observatories. Neutrino is an excellent example of a basic particle that becomes more understandable, as the quality of our scientific instrumentIt improves. The continuing collection of evidence concerning neutrino and its qualities will certainly contribute a valuable way to the progress of contemporary theoretical physics, which in turn creates useful technological and theoretical discoveries for human civilization.