What Is a Pulse Radar?

Pulse radar is a type of radar. It can radiate short high-frequency pulses, and then the antenna is switched to the receiver to receive the signal, so the transmitted and received signals are separated in time. Pulse radar is used for ranging, and is especially suitable for measuring the distance of multiple targets at the same time. Most of the currently used radars are pulse radars.

Pulse radar is a type of radar. It can radiate short high-frequency pulses, and then the antenna is switched to the receiver to receive the signal, so the transmitted and received signals are separated in time. Pulse radar is used for ranging, and is especially suitable for measuring the distance of multiple targets at the same time. Most of the currently used radars are pulse radars.
Chinese name
Pulse radar
Foreign name
Radio Detection And Ranging
effect
Detection distance

Pulse radar radar works

Radar is a transliteration of Radar (RadioDetectionAndRanging), which means "radio detection and ranging", that is, the use of radio waves to detect targets and determine the position of targets, which is also the function of radar equipment in the initial stage [1]. A typical radar system is mainly composed of transmitter, antenna, receiver, data processing, timing control, display and other equipment. The presence of the target, the target's slant range, the target's angular position, and the target's relative speed can be known using the radar. Modern high-resolution radar extends the original radar concept, making it capable of imaging and identifying moving targets (airplanes, missiles, etc.) and regional targets (ground, etc.). The application of radar is becoming more and more widespread. [1]

Pulse radar

Radio equipment for tracking and precision measurement of aircraft. It provides measurement information for spacecraft orbit determination and target characteristic measurement. Commonly used pulse measurement radars are conical scanning radars and monopulse radars.

How Pulse Radar Works

The pulse measurement radar obtains the distance information of the target by measuring the round-trip time delay of the pulse electromagnetic wave. The radial velocity of the target is measured according to the Doppler frequency in the received pulse carrier, and the azimuth and elevation data of the target are obtained by the equal signal method. The tracking principle of the cone scanning radar is: the antenna beam deviates from the radar's aiming axis (equal signal axis) by a small angle and rotates rapidly around the aiming axis, sweeping into a cone in the direction of the maximum gain of the beam, so that the target echo amplitude is sinusoidally modulated . The signal of angle error between the aiming axis and the target can be obtained by demodulating and phase-detecting the signal, which is used to control the rotation of the antenna in the direction of reducing the deflection angle of the target to achieve angular tracking. A monopulse radar uses four receivers configured symmetrically with respect to the equal signal axis to receive echoes at the same time. The upper and lower pairs are compared with the left and right pairs of received signals to obtain an error signal to control the antenna. Rotate, and when the signals received by the two pairs are equal, the angle tracking is completed. While the radar is tracking, the azimuth and elevation data can be read from the angle encoder of the antenna base. Single pulse has higher angle measurement accuracy, higher data rate and stronger anti-interference ability than cone scanning method. Measurement, analysis, and processing of the target echo signal waveform can obtain information about the target's reflection cross section, roll speed, and polarization characteristics.

Pulse radar working mode

The pulse measurement radar has three working modes: reflection type: the radar receives the reflected signal from the target. This working method is often used for tracking of short-range targets, obtaining rocket power segment information and characteristic data of re-entry targets. Responsive: The radar receives the signal transmitted by the transponder on the aircraft. In this way, the signal is strong, the radar has a long range, and the anti-interference ability is strong. It is used for the measurement of long-range targets. Responsive work can be divided into two types: coherent and non-coherent. When coherent response is used, the strict multiple relationship between the receiving and transmitting frequencies of the transponder is maintained. Beacon type: The radar only receives signals transmitted by the beacon on the aircraft. It cannot measure distance and is only used to capture targets.
In order to expand the measurement range of the navigation zone, multiple radars are often arranged along the navigation zone to achieve relay tracking measurement of the target. This is called a radar chain, that is, the radar at the current station cannot continue to track or "invisible" the target. Station radar has captured it. Each radar works synchronously, giving real-time intercepted data. [2]

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