What is the second law of thermodynamics?
The three thermodynamic laws are controlled by transmission and behavior in all mass and energy in the universe, as science commonly understands it. Summarized, the first law states that the amount of energy and heat in a closed system remains constant; There is no energy from the system than inserted. This is linked to the law of conservation of energy, which states that it depends and the energy cannot be created or destroyed. The second law on thermodynamics is one of the most important basis of nature, responsible for Time's Arrow and the irreversibility of nature.
No matter how the ideal system may seem, there is nothing like a perfect system. Some energy, whether electric, thermal or mechanical, will be lost by friction and converted into waste heat. This means that over time, the total energy of the system will gradually approach zero unless external energy is added. The amount of entropy or failure in the system is closer to the maximum, which means that no useful work can be done in a system or by system because its molecules andThe particles are too disorganized. The second thermodynamic law claims that systems tend to disorders from a more organized state; The ice cube in a glass of water melts lightly and warms the surrounding water, which puts two systems to balance.
The second law of thermodynamics will be rewritten by the first law; If the first law has that the energy output can never exceed energy input, the second law claims that energy performance can never level energy input due to constant energy loss and tendency to approach balance. The less energy the system has, the more entropy is present because it requires energy to restore the order and reduce overall entropy. When energy in the system reaches balance, entropy is maximum. For example, although a cup of hot water naturally cools down, it requires constant application of heat energy to maintain water at a warmer temperature.
cosmologists lookOn the second law of thermodynamics to create theories about the possible fate of the universe. The most common theory is that because the universe itself is a closed thermodynamic system, its entropy gets closer to the maximum as the stars burn and become black holes. They eventually evaporate after 100 trillion, so that the universe will leave a sterilized emptiness for the rest of the eternity, which excludes quantum fluctuations.