What is the structure of a bacterial cell?
bacteria are unicellular organisms that have a prokaryotic cellular structure. While bacterial cells differ in some structural elements, such as size and shape, all share common features of prokaryotes. Prokaryotic cells are characterized by the fact that they do not have nuclei or other organelles bound by membranes.
The bacterial cell is protected and contained in a cell wall, which is made of peptidoglycan, sugar and protein. Bacteria with strong cell walls are referred to as gram-positive, while a baket with thin cell walls surrounded by a lipid membrane are called gram-negative. The cell wall protects the cell from the effects of turgor pressure, which is the result of a higher concentration of solut inside the cell compared to the surrounding cells of the cells.
Some bacterial cells have external structures. Flagella, which are long, flexible structures made of protein flagellin, stand out from the cell wall and give the added motility of bacterial cells.Pili and fimbrae are short protein tubes that are found between proteobacteria and allow bacterial cells to drain into a substrate or other bacterial cells.
Department of cytoplasm or inner fluid cells, from the cell wall. This membrane acts as a mediator when transferring material to and out of the cell. The membrane of bacterial cells is phospholipidic double -layer consisting of fatty acids and is permeable only for certain ions and molecules.
The interior of the bacterial cell is relatively simple because prokaryotic cells do not contain many internal structures. Genetic information on bacterial cell is coded in a supercoiled structure of deoxyibonucleic acid (DNA) suspended in an area known as nucleoid. The bacterial chromosome usually has a circular shape.
other small pieces of DNA known as plasmids float independently of The Cytoplasm except the main chromosome. Thyo Fragments code non -essential features and can be exchanged between bacteria. The lack of nucleus linked to the membrane allows DNA in the bacterial cell to interact with ribosomes that are responsible for the process of translation or the transmission of genetic data.
ribosomes and bacterial chromosome are the most basic intracellular structures found in the cytoplasm bacterial cells, although some types of bacteria include more complex structures. For example, some types of bacterial plankons have gas vesicles in their cells that allow them to adjust their buoyancy in water. Structural fibers containing cytoskeletons were also observed in bacterial cells.