What Are Extrinsic Semiconductors?

Semiconductor refers to a material whose conductivity is between a conductor and an insulator at room temperature. Semiconductors are used in integrated circuits, consumer electronics, communication systems, photovoltaic power generation, lighting applications, high-power power conversion and other fields. For example, diodes are devices made of semiconductors. From the perspective of technology or economic development, the importance of semiconductors is very great. The core units of most electronic products today, such as computers, mobile phones or digital recorders, are very closely related to semiconductors. Common semiconductor materials are silicon, germanium, gallium arsenide, etc., and silicon is one of the most influential semiconductor materials in commercial applications.

There are many forms of physical existence,

The discovery of semiconductors actually goes back a long time.

Faraday, the father of British scientist electronics, first discovered in 1833

(1) Elemental semiconductor. Elemental semiconductors refer to semiconductors made of a single element, of which the research on silicon and tin was earlier. It is a solid material with semiconducting properties composed of the same elements, which is easily affected by trace impurities and external conditions. At present, only silicon and germanium have good performance and are widely used. Selenium is used in the fields of electronic lighting and optoelectronics. Silicon is widely used in the semiconductor industry, which is mainly affected by

Semiconductors are used in integrated circuits, consumer electronics, communication systems, photovoltaic power generation, lighting applications, high-power power conversion and other fields.

Semiconductor refrigeration technology is widely used in current refrigeration technology. During the growth of crops in greenhouses, semiconductor refrigeration technology can effectively control the environmental temperature, especially some plants that have high requirements on the environment. Using semiconductor refrigeration technology to shape the growth environment can promote plant growth. Semiconductor refrigeration technology is reversible and can be used for cooling or heating. It has a good effect on the adjustment of the ambient temperature. ^[8]

The development of third-generation semiconductor materials and devices represented by GaN (gallium nitride) is the core and foundation of the emerging semiconductor industry, and its research and development has shown a rapid development trend. Among GaN-based optoelectronic devices, blue light-emitting diode LEDs were the first to achieve commercial production. After the successful development of blue-light LEDs and LDs, the research direction shifted to GaN ultraviolet photodetectors. GaN materials also have a considerable application market in microwave power. GaN semiconductor switches are hailed as a new milestone in semiconductor chip design. Scientists at the University of Florida have developed an important device that can be used to make new types of electronic switches that provide a smooth, uninterrupted power supply. ^[9]

New semiconductor materials are increasingly used in industry. New semiconductor materials are characterized by their stable structure, excellent electrical characteristics, and low cost, and they can be widely used in the manufacture of modern electronic equipment. Compared with other countries, China still has a large gap in this regard. It is manifested in the production and processing of some basic instruments. In recent years, many departments in the country have targeted the weakness of China compared with other countries. In this aspect, various groups have been organized to provide effective leadership. Then work together to develop higher-level semiconductor materials. Only in this way can we adapt to the progress and development of China's industrialization to a large extent, and provide a more powerful impetus for China's social progress. First of all, further research and development of superlattice quantum well materials is needed. At present, the development background of China's semiconductor materials in this regard should be improved to a large extent, ultra-high brightness, red-green-blue light materials, and optical communication materials. In the main research direction, at the same time, it should be strengthened according to the requirements of the newer generation of electronic devices and circuits on the market. The needs of these optoelectronic structure materials in the future production process are carefully analyzed and discussed, and then to meet the future world In the direction of semiconductor development, we need to choose a more optimized layout, and then do relevant development and research work. In this way, by establishing better communication mechanisms between various research and development institutions and enterprises, high-temperature semiconductor materials can be realized to a large extent. , A deeper development and utilization. ^[10]