What is Maser?
MASER is a type of technology similar to a laser. Where the laser is a controlled energy tool or weapon based on light amplification by stimulated radiation emissions, instead uses microwave amplification or electromagnetic fields instead of coherent light beams, to achieve similar results. The concept for Maser was first conceived in 1953, when American physicist Charles Townes built one, but is based on an earlier understanding of the stimulated emissions of radiation principles set by Albert Einstein in 1917. Maser created by Townes was ammonia and his genera energy of 0.00001 Watt was very low. However, the energy of the energy he produced was so accurate that he was considered useful as an extremely accurate clock that could show the right time for the second hundreds of years.
where Maser is based on gas, interacts only along a series of narrow frequencies that are characteristic of gas. As a result, however, it can be a very accurate amplifier in research areas that study such gas. The rated Maser is very effective in amplifying and measurement of weak signals in space in radio astronomy. The hydrogen maser was also used as an atomic clock more accurate than the ammonia -based one, and the models have been able to lose or get one second of the wrong time measurement in more than 100,000 years of recording since 2011.
Where the radiation or radio wave signals on the zone of various frequencies are required, a solid condition is used. An example of this is Ruby Maser, based on the principles that the ruby laser also uses. Ruby Crystal is excited in the presence of a magnetic field to tune in to a signal that is studied along a specific frequency and interacts well with very weak signals. It gives Ruby Masers an ideal application to amplify signalsBack to Earth by distant space probes sent to other planets, or satellites orbiting a fraction of the distance from the moon, such as geosynchronous satellites. Such Maser was also used to measure radio waves emitted by planets, such as Venus to study the chemical composition of its atmosphere and its temperature.
Other types of commonly used masters in research include varieties Rubidium and microwave. The Maser Rubidium is based on gas and uses the evaporated form of a silver metal element. It is a useful laboratory tool in optical pumping, where electrons in the atom are enthusiastic about the known quantum condition, so you can study. The microwave masters are used in cosmology research to study the cosmic microwave radiation in the space that has been created as a result of early expansion of the universe. This is known as research fields of microwave radiometry.