What Are the Different Types of Aquaculture Farms?

Aquaculture farms are places for the production of artificial, aquatic, and aquatic plants under artificial control. Aquaculture generally includes the whole process of raising aquatic products from seed under the management of captive breeding. In a broad sense, it can also include the proliferation of aquatic resources.

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Choosing a good breeding site is critical to improving pearl yield and quality. The breeding sites used in various places can be divided into the following types according to the type of water area:

(I) Pond: The area can be large or small, ranging from several acres to tens of acres, the water depth is 1.5-2.5 meters, and the water quality is fertile. It is best to have drainage and irrigation facilities to facilitate management.

(2) River stream: Also known as "heavy river", because it communicates with large rivers, the water is in a flowing state due to the difference in tide, so the dissolved oxygen is sufficient, the water is fresh, and the food is rich. If the water level difference does not exceed 35 cm and the flow rate is less than 6 m / min, it is the best breeding place.

(3) Dangdang refers to waters such as rivers and lakes, with wide water depths, large currents, high dissolved oxygen, and good water quality. However, due to the complex environmental conditions, different types of nutrients can be formed. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to selecting fertile and stable waters to facilitate the growth of river mussels.

(4) Reservoirs: Reservoirs are divided into giant, large, medium and small. Generally speaking, reservoirs of medium size and above are not suitable for use because of their complex bottoms, high water depth and high discharge, and low primary productivity. However, as the age of the reservoir increases, organic matter precipitation increases, and the water quality can gradually improve, especially the reservoir areas and small reservoirs near rural residential areas and farming areas, which are excellent places for breeding river mussels ^[1]

1. Raise the water level in the pond. In view of the low breeding water level in the pond and the poor water source of the outer river, the method of gradually adding pond water at intervals of three to five times was adopted to gradually raise the pond water level to more than 1.2 meters. Each time you add water, choose from 10 am to afternoon in fine weather 2 time.

2. Increase dissolved oxygen in water. If you have an aeration device, you can keep it on for more than 2 hours at noon on a sunny day. If you have an overcast day or a sudden change in weather, you should turn on the aerator in time. If there is no aerator, submersible pump can be used to pump circulating water in the pool (time before 3 pm, do not carry out in the evening) to enhance the convection and exchange of water.

3 Biologically regulate water quality. Various farmed species have entered the golden period of growth, but while the food intake is vigorous, their excreta have also increased significantly, which has accelerated the deterioration of water quality. For this reason, it is recommended to choose a biological preparation made of a variety of microbial strains to control the water quality. The specific usage, dosage and precautions should be used according to the instructions.

4 The crabs in the out-of-river nets should be shaded by watering grasses to reduce direct sunlight and lower the water temperature. If hypoxia occurs, the propellers of the hovercraft can be used to push water to increase oxygen and increase water flow.

1. Use chlorine dioxide, dibromoin, bleaching powder or quicklime and other drugs to regularly disinfect water bodies to prevent the occurrence of diseases.

2. An appropriate amount of Vc, immune polysaccharide or internal medicine can be added to the feed at intervals to enhance the disease resistance of the breeding objects.

3 If a disease is found, it should be diagnosed and treated in a timely manner. When using the medicine, you must follow the instructions of the aquatic technicians, select high-quality, efficient, and low-toxic drugs, and reduce the amount of drugs used to achieve reasonable administration. Beware of accidents caused by excessive drug use ^[2]

1. New concept of polyculture: The scientific concept of polyculture tells us that not only four fish can be polycultured, but also fish, shrimp, shellfish, and crabs can be mixed with each other reasonably. For example, carmines are mixed in eel ponds. Carmines can eat the leftovers of eels; small-scale barramundi are mixed in prawn ponds. Barramundi can feed dead shrimp in time, effectively cutting off the spread of pathogens.

2. Desalination and domestication: Many mariculture species are widely salinized, such as milkfish, P. vannamei, etc. can even survive in water bodies without salinity. In addition, marine species are cultivated in fresh water, and production speed is often faster, and diseases can be greatly reduced.

3 North fish move south: Many excellent aquatic species in the north have not received enough attention in the past. Practice has proved that many temperate fishes in the northern region can adapt to the growing environment in the south after they are gradually domesticated from the seed. Even the average annual growth rate is faster than that in the place of origin and the benefits are more significant.

4 Hybrid advantage: An excellent hybrid, its advantages are unquestionable, especially in terms of growth rate, disease resistance, adaptability to the environment, etc., such as hybrid bigmouth, hybrid sunfish, etc. People talk about good breeds.

5. Imitation wild farming: With the improvement of people's living standards, the quality requirements for aquatic products are becoming higher and higher, and the pursuit of green food has become fashionable, which will inevitably lead to the price of the same wild species being higher than that of artificial farming. Many times. This phenomenon has broadened the thinking for people in the breeding industry. For example, if a person cross-breeds aquatic fish in the Shijiazhuang fish pond for years, the quality of the aquatic fish is very close to that of the wild, and the price is high.

6. Oversized specifications: Among the varieties that are commonplace, if you can raise oversized varieties, it will be rare and valuable, and their market acceptance is often surprising. Such as oversized catfish (more than 5 kg), the price and volume are very considerable.

7. Rotation: Rotation has three major benefits: First, it can reduce the deterioration of pond bottoms; second, it can reduce disease transmission; and third, it can flexibly choose breeding species according to market conditions. For example, in some areas, P. vannamei cultured in the first half of the year and sea bass cultured in the second half of the year have achieved significant results in disease prevention ^[3] .