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Employability refers to an individual's ability to obtain work, keep it, and do it well after the learning process.

Employability

Right!

Employability refers to an individual's ability to obtain work, keep it, and do it well after the learning process.

Chinese name

Employability

Foreign name

Employment force

Origin

Australia

Presentation time

2005

Distinguish

Employability, skills and techniques

Success

2005 DEST Employment Skills Framework

Employability (Employability or Employability skills )

Employability

Employability is distinguished in English from the original meaning: the ability of an employee to obtain employment is the subjective conditions necessary for the employee to complete or complete an activity after employment skills / skills training.

Employability skills

Employability skills in English originally meant: employment skills / skills of employees, action systems that can achieve certain tasks through practice / belonging to a category of "methods", which mainly refers to the proficiency and flexible use of a life or work method.

Employability skills are the methods and methods that facilitate the construction of the Employeeability system. In domestic expression and practical application, there is no clear distinction between the two, collectively referred to as "employability".

In 2005, the Australian Department of Education, Science and Training (hereinafter referred to as: DEST, Department of Education, Science and Training) issued a copy of the "significant for the future education system" to the Australian education system.

Since March 2007, the Shandong Provincial Government has commissioned the Shandong Economic Institute and the Shandong Academy of Social Sciences to jointly conduct a research on the supply and demand of talents in Shandong Province. As the latest stage achievement of this subject, the 2009 Study on the Employability of College Graduates in Shandong Province (hereinafter referred to as the "Employment Research") was newly released on December 27. The "employability research" proposed that to fundamentally solve the employment difficulties of college students, the goal of the employment policy of college students must be increased from "employment rate" to "employability".

In China, employability is often equated with college students' employability, skills and skills.

According to the author's experience and the actual situation at home and abroad, employability is not a general term for a term. It must be distinguished according to the role of the job applicant and the requirements of the company.

Can be divided according to job seeker roles

1. The employability of college students: The employability training that must be completed during school. Through the system of "primary employability training", the success rate of initial employment is improved.

2. Ordinary job seekers' employability: combining the employability training during school with the employment training that must be completed by their existing work experience, through "employability enhancement training" to improve the continuity of work.

Can be divided into

1. Newly-entered companies are required for employment, such as: Appropriate rapport is established Have harmonious interpersonal relationships, Listen and understand, Handle complaints Handle complaints, Complaints, Treat people with integrity, respect others ... basic job employability such as the above.

2. After entering the enterprise for a period of time, it must have the ability to promote employment, such as: Develop strategic vision, Evaluate performance, Follow procedures "Procedures for Teaching", Consider a range of methods to solve problems ... Jobs such as those mentioned above increase employability.

Although college education is not the same as vocational education, nor should it be narrowed down to vocational education, but domestic and foreign are very concerned about the employment of college graduates. Especially in advanced countries and fast-developing countries, in order to respond to the huge demand for advanced human resources in social development, the number of university education has been continuously expanded. At the same time, the elite nature of university education has been changed, and it has become a popular and popular development direction. This development indeed reflects the emergence of higher-level specialists who are more in need today than ever before to assist the continued development of society and the economy. In particular, the foundation of the current knowledge economy lies in the cultivation of talents. Therefore, the rapid expansion of university education in our country is also moving towards popularization and popularization, which basically meets the actual needs of our society and international trends.

However, at the same time, there is a high degree of concern at home and abroad regarding the employment of college graduates, and it has even led to the statement that college education should be more oriented towards vocational education. Particularly advanced people have even proposed strong vocational education that graduates as employment Claim.

University education should not be narrowed down to vocational education

However, can university education be narrowed down to vocational education based on employment purposes, so as to ensure the full employment of university graduates and meet the needs of industrial development? This has indeed sparked more controversy. At present, the talents required by the knowledge economy often emphasize the importance of being broader, creative, continuous learning, and the ability to cooperate and get along with others. However, the above-mentioned orientation of university education for employment is more focused on the development of vocational skills. The development of specific technical capabilities under the field is the focus of its emphasis.

The nature of the industry of the knowledge economy is changing rapidly, and the required talents are not limited to specific technical capabilities in the professional field. Especially new industries and new job opportunities are difficult to predict in advance. The requirements for university graduates in these new industries usually lie in their The adaptability of ability, the ability to transform previously existing knowledge, is considered the most critical.

Therefore, university education should not be overly narrowed to employment-only purposes, or else the purpose of employment may not be achieved in the end. However, this article emphasizes that it is the employment skills of college students that should be improved, and not just the employment of college vocational education. Because this article suggests that college students' employability should be a measure of university

There are many classification methods for employment skills according to the actual application. The classification that is more suitable for college students is:

A. Basic academic ability. B, high-level thinking skills C, personal qualities.

A combination of these three types of employment skills

Basic Academic Skills

Reading

· Writing

· Science

· Math

· Oral communication oral expression

Listening

Higher-Order Thinking Skills

· Learning

Reasoning uses thinking, understanding, reasoning and other abilities

· Thinking Creatively

Decisions Making

Problem Solving

Personal Qualities

Responsible

Self Confidence

· Self Control

Social Skills

Honest Frank

Have Integrity honesty and integrity

Adaptable and Flexible

· Team Spirit

Punctual and Efficient

Self Directed

Good Work Attitude

Well Groomed

Cooperative collaboration

Self Motivated

· Self Management

Without going through the system

Today's labor market is overcrowded. Enterprises are not worried about finding people, but it is difficult to recruit "talents / personnel money" that can be used immediately after returning to the company to create value for them.

The two issues that business owners are most concerned about today are

How to find the resumes that can meet the requirements of the company's posts

The training of employability should closely follow the market's needs for talents and form a supporting and developing core competence. The cultivation of employability mainly focuses on the following aspects:

Employability

The level of employability directly affects the outcome of employment. It can be said that professional competence is directly proportional to the strength of employability. Professional competence refers to the knowledge and skills necessary for professional and entrepreneurial activities, as well as the ability to use the knowledge and skills acquired to solve practical problems in professional work.

Professional competence is the ability and ability that people must have to engage in a particular social occupation. Professional competence is the most basic and important competence in competence development. Professional competence is an important factor affecting employability. Mastery of professional knowledge and skills is necessary to adapt to social life and contribute to society. Generally speaking, whether you can quickly adapt to professional work requirements after obtaining employment, and obtain the approval of the employer's leaders and colleagues, is first and foremost related to the status of mastering professional knowledge and skills. The higher the level of professional knowledge and skills, the more competent the job and development work, the more conducive to the handling of various relationships in the work, the more conducive to the formation of a good career development cycle. Professional competence includes the following:

1) Reasonable knowledge structure

Professional knowledge and related knowledge have always been valued by people, and it is also the most important basis for employers to select candidates. Only with broad and solid professional knowledge and relevant knowledge, can they be familiar with the actual work, be handy, and use the learned knowledge Innovation.

But the study of knowledge and the cultivation of learning ability must pay attention to the structure of knowledge. The core idea of the era of the knowledge economy is to take knowledge as an important factor in career development. This is because the abilities of a person and the knowledge and skills they possess are interrelated and restricted. A person's ability directly determines his professional status, so in the end, knowledge is used to enhance professional progress.

2) Strong professional skills

Professional skills include intellectual skills and operational skills, which reflect a practical ability to work and post. Intellectual skills are formed by processing and transforming the impression of things in a reduced manner inside the brain with the help of internal language. It is characterized by abstract thinking. The operation of abilities, whether mechanical or non-mechanical, automated or non-automated, skilled or unskilled, is performed under the guidance, control and regulation of intelligence, including observation, attention , Memory, imagination and other general abilities. The formation of intellectual skills has a great effect on solving production difficulties, carrying out technological renewal and transformation, and developing the pioneering personality qualities of employees.

Operational skills are composed of a series of external actions, and are a regular and casual action method formed and consolidated through repeated training. Operating skills are an integral part of professional technical competence and the basis for forming professional comprehensive competence. Mastering the operation skills must be coordinated and perfected through the recognition and connection of the movement. The virtual training of the operation skills always needs to understand the action model, understand the action program, and master the key of the action, so as to understand the entire action, and then repeatedly contact to make it organic , Coordinate with each other, and finally form a chain reaction, close to automated actions, to achieve the stereotypes of accuracy, coordination, speed and skill utilization.

3) High computer and foreign language skills

The level of computers and foreign languages is also an important condition for employers to select graduates. With the continuous development of science and technology and the continuous deepening of reforms, the foreign exchanges of employers have been expanding year by year, and the level of production technology and office automation has gradually improved. Computers and foreign languages have become necessary application tools for various talents.

Employability

The level of adaptive capacity directly affects the success or failure of employment. It can be said that adaptive capacity is the core ability of employability. The survival of the fittest and the elimination of the unfit are the most common law in the biological world and human society.

Adaptation in psychology generally refers to individuals adjusting their motivations and mental states to meet the requirements of environmental conditions. Adaptive ability refers to an individual's ability to survive, develop goals, and achieve corresponding changes in social organization systems, groups, or economic and cultural factors.

1) Interpersonal skills

Interpersonal skills are the key to adapting to the environment and are very important in job hunting. The ability of interpersonal communication is actually the ability to get along with others. It includes interpersonal communication, interpersonal harmony, and two basic connotations. Interpersonal communication or interpersonal relationship is the inevitable connection and relationship between people in work and study. It is a universal social phenomenon and a way of spiritual communication between people. It can correctly and effectively interact with people. Communicate with peers, colleagues, superiors, teachers, familiar people, strangers, and coordinate and handle various relationships between people in daily learning, work, and life, which not only affects one's adaptation to the environment, And it affects a person's work efficiency, mental health, happy life and career success or failure.

2) Expressiveness

Expressiveness refers to the ability to use language or words to clarify one's own opinions, opinions, or express one's thoughts. It includes oral expression, digital expression, and graphic expression. Especially the ability of oral expression, whether in a job interview or foreign exchange is very important. Even if you are a person who has learned things, is full of economy, and has excellent skills, if you lack the ability to express, you are a teacher, it is difficult to impart knowledge to students, it is difficult to show your talents, let students appreciate you, accept you.

3) Organizational management capabilities

Although not everyone will be engaged in management work in the future, everyone needs organizational management skills to varying degrees in their work, which is the basic requirement of modern society for talents.

4) Ability to objectively evaluate self

The ability to objectively evaluate oneself refers to the ability to clearly understand oneself, evaluate oneself, and position oneself. In the job market, some people lack the ability to objectively evaluate themselves. They often have a tendency to misplace or displace themselves, and the expectations are too high or too low. That unit is also not good; or we are just arrogant and we are afraid to try and miss the opportunity to adapt to changes in the employment situation and the job market. This shows that the ability to objectively evaluate oneself is also very important for job search.

5) Ability to withstand certain setbacks

The frustrated person wins, and the adversity becomes a lot of people. Because life growth is not always easy, job hunting and career selection will not be smooth, and it is normal to suffer setbacks in the course of employment. What if I suffer a setback? Resentment against the sky is useless, self-violence and abandonment will only worsen. The best way is to calm down, calm down, think carefully, and deal with setbacks with a positive attitude. If you are upset and frustrated in the face of setbacks, your mind is not calm, you are confused, and you are at a loss, it will be difficult to adapt to this era of fierce competition and change. What is needed is that no matter when, where, and when frustrations are encountered, they will not be depressed, never give up, and will always maintain a motivated and good mood, which is very important for the success of job hunting.

Employability competitiveness

Competitiveness is simply referred to as competitiveness, which directly affects the effect of employment. Competitiveness is a supporting element of employment and an important force to promote employment success.

Modern society is a society full of fierce competition. It is full of competition from time to time, everything and everywhere. It is competition that promotes the development of society. It is competition that promotes the improvement of human capabilities. Competition is unavoidable and irreversible. In the face of a fiercely competitive job market, how to break the ice of difficult employment and how to gain a place in the fierce employment competition depends on the competitiveness of employment. Therefore, we must not only dare to compete and be good at competition, but also cultivate and improve our own competitiveness, and make efforts in the following areas:

1) Thinking ability

Thinking ability refers to the ability to analyze, synthesize, judge, and reason on the basis of appearance and concept. Thinking ability is an important part of employment competitiveness. It is often said that thinking determines thinking, thinking determines the way out. How to "think" and how to "think" is a kind of thinking ability. In the face of the severe employment situation, In the job market, how to look, think, and act, only if the thinking is correct, the way out is bright, it all depends on the ability of thinking.

2) Marketing ability

Marketing ability refers to a person's ability to sell himself in modern social life, gain the trust of others and social recognition. Marketing is the art of selling, the strategy of satisfying others, and the wisdom of improving cost performance. This ability is very important in job hunting. It can be said that the process of job hunting is the process of marketing itself. Marketing ability is directly proportional to the success rate of job hunting. "What should I do around applying for a job?" "What kind of person am I?" "What kind of profession do I need?" "What kind of profession is right for me?" "What kind of profession can I get?" These constitute The basic elements of employment marketing, self-promotion will be successful only if you really understand these issues.

3) Development ability

Development ability refers to the development potential and the ability of self-motivation, self-improvement, self-improvement and the pursuit of excellence. This ability has a very important role in employment competition. It is an important indicator for employers to investigate. It depends not only on how well you have learned and developed, but also on your enterprising spirit and teamwork awareness. The level of responsibility and the attitude towards life are all manifested as personal development capabilities.

4) Innovation ability

Innovative ability refers to the ability to create new and unique new theories, new thinking, new ideas, new craftsmanship, and new products with social value on the basis of various intellectual factors and multiple abilities. This is a comprehensive, high-level thinking and action ability. It is the most critical and important factor in ability and quality.

5) Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurial ability refers to a person's ability to carry out creative work in his career. Entrepreneurship here refers to both starting a "own business" and starting a business. Self-employment is a very challenging social activity. It is a comprehensive test of the entrepreneur's own intelligence, courage, and market competitiveness. It is related to personal will, business consciousness, personality, Hobby and specialty are closely linked, and not all graduates are suitable for entrepreneurial activities. But entrepreneurial ability is still an important connotation and a significant feature of competitiveness, and a prerequisite for entrepreneurial success.

Employability emotional IQ

Emotional intelligence quotient (also known as emotional intelligence) refers to the ability of people to recognize their own emotions and those of others, to motivate themselves, to control their emotions, and to grasp interpersonal relationships. It can be said that emotional IQ is an important ability in employment, and even more important than personal knowledge, skills, and wisdom. It can directly affect people's employment results and career success.