What Are the Common Causes of Long Term Brain Damage?

Infant brain injury (brain injury) refers to non-progressive brain injury caused by a variety of reasons from birth to 1 year, including congenital brain dysplasia, cerebral palsy, and critical illness or trauma left over from infancy Central nervous system dysfunction. Can be manifested as behavioral neurodevelopmental abnormalities, central dyskinesia, mental retardation, epilepsy, audiovisual disorders, and so on.

Infant brain injury

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Infant brain injury (brain injury) refers to non-progressive brain injury caused by a variety of reasons from birth to 1 year, including congenital brain dysplasia, cerebral palsy, and critical illness or trauma left over from infancy Central nervous system dysfunction. Can be manifested as behavioral neurodevelopmental abnormalities, central dyskinesia, mental retardation, epilepsy, audiovisual disorders, and so on.

TCM disease name

Infant brain injury

English name

brain injury

Common locations

brain

Common symptoms

Non-progressive brain injury

1.Low birth weight

2. Intrauterine distress and suffocation at birth

3.Infant hyperbilirubinemia, intracranial hemorrhage, hypoglycemic coma, severe neonatal infection, etc.

1. Visual stimulation: newborns can begin to use bright toys and smiley faces that their parents talk to, and guide them to look in all directions, several times a day, about 1 minute each time. For visual evoked potentials, it is confirmed that there is obvious visual path damage or fundus examination with optic nerve hypoplasia or atrophy, and the pupil is stimulated with light reflection. The ratio of each light to no light is 1 to 5 seconds: 5 seconds, 5 times per group, each 30 to 60 groups per day, with intervals greater than 5 minutes. This method should be performed under the guidance of an experienced physician, and should not cause macular light damage. After sitting reliably, use high-contrast black-and-white pictures and character cards to perform visual stimulation more quickly, which can improve your gaze ability.

2. Auditory stimulation: The sound of parents speaking is the best auditory stimulation. They should speak to the baby loudly many times a day. The abnormal auditory evoked potential is more obvious, and other soft sound stimuli can be added, such as the shaking of a plastic box containing beans, and the number of beeps is 30 to 60 times a day.

3. Skin sensory stimuli: About 80% of children with brain injury have long latency and low amplitude of somatosensory evoked potentials. Skin stimuli such as touching and brushing can promote the recovery of brain injuries. Touch, soft brush, sponge, light tap, etc. for those with high muscle tone, several times a day, 5-10 minutes each time. Those with low muscle tone can use stiff brushes, hollow palm flaps, hot and cold water stimulation, etc. Chiropractic is an effective method for comprehensive conditioning through skin irritation.

4. Crawling training: American doctors Temple F, Doman RJ, and Doman G have pointed out through research that during the development of human individuals, there is a repetition of the characteristics of the germline evolution process. Babies climb from cymbals to knees, knees, and then stand and walk In the process of motor development, the corresponding development of the central nervous system is from the pontine to the midbrain to the cerebral cortex. Brain damage at the corresponding site may have corresponding dyskinesias. The next level of brain damage may affect the upper levels. Level of motor function, so it will not walk or walking posture abnormal, we must start training from crawling. When newborns wake up, they should practice prone lifting, upper arm support and gradually guide them to move forward. Infants with brain damage should start slope-board climbing training from 3 months. If older people cannot crawl on the ground, you can also use slope boards. Practice and gradually lower the ramp to transition to flat crawling. Climbing and kneeling with a certain number of correct postures every day is an important part of functional training for children with brain injuries. Obstacle climbing is often added to the transition from limping to knee-climbing, such as climbing over parents' thighs or other obstacles. Climbing also helps correct strabismus, nystagmus, and more.

5. Passive mode movement: It is a passive movement controlled by three people to simulate creeping. Perform 4 to 6 times a day, 50 to 250 knots of rhythmic movements and frictions in the extremities and head and neck. Moving the muscles and joints while sending the correct crawling information to the brain can promote the appearance of correct crawling movements and correct the wrong ones. Exercise posture, adjusting muscle tone, and improving perception are effective methods for treating severe brain injuries. This item should not be crawling and crawling, walking or other abnormal postures, the pattern of exercise should be increased from 3 months after brain injury in newborns.

6. Sit, stand, and walk training: Sit, stand, and walk are the main positions of human life and work, and sitting and standing balance is the basis of walking and other coordinated actions. Timely sitting and standing training to keep the ankles, knees, and hips heavy can prevent osteoporosis, joint relaxation, etc., and relevant training should be started in time according to the 6-month sitting, 10-month standing, and age-old movement development rules. Sitting training includes sitting, cross sitting, long sitting, high sitting and so on. Standing training includes leaning against the wall, fixed frame, stilts, stepping steps, standing from the bench, squatting, and standing on one leg. Walking training includes walking, walking, and walking alone. For lower back muscles, increase back muscle training.

7. Hand function training: 2 to 3 months should start hand grip, release exercises, gradually increase the grasp of nearby toys, thumb and forefinger to pick up small objects, etc., can be used in the form of toys, games.

8. Chewing, swallowing, pronunciation, language training: Children with brain injury are prone to chewing, swallowing, and pronunciation difficulties due to neuromuscular dominance disorders, affecting the development of alveolar bone and oral related organs, which can cause malnutrition and dysphonia. . It is important to teach your child to chew, swallow, and pronounce face-to-face food supplements in a timely manner. Learning to play a small trumpet or balloon, licking the tip of the tongue to eat some small food, sucking drinks with a straw, etc. will help the development of oral muscles.

9. Balance function training: some children with brain injury have difficulty walking due to balance disorders. Children with brain injury from 5 to 6 months can increase the balance function training. The easier to operate is the passive left and right side roll on the desk, several times a day, about 50 meters each time. Rolling is also beneficial to hearing impairment. correct.

10. Medicated bath, hydrotherapy and massage: children with brain injury have microcirculation disorders of the brain and muscle joints and a vicious cycle between the two. Warm medicated baths are supplemented with drugs that promote blood circulation and stasis, and improve microcirculation. Massage and touch in the bath and after bath can effectively improve the limb and brain function, and this method can be used to successfully treat the brain injury of the newborn. The medicated bath is generally carried out 1 to 4 times a day, each soaking for 10 to 20 minutes. After the bath, massage the muscle groups that have increased muscle tone, tendons or tendons with contractures, and relax and stiffen the parts. Start gently, and flexibly use methods such as kneading, stretching, flexion and extension, etc., 10 to 20 each time. minute.

11. Reflective masks: Studies have confirmed that a certain amount of CO2 self-inhalation can improve brain circulation, promote brain development, and help control brain damage with epilepsy. A special transparent plastic nose and mouth mask can achieve the purpose of self-inhalation of CO2. The size, time, and number of times of the nose and mouth mask are tested and guided by professionals.

12. Cultivation of reading interest: Pictures can be used to cultivate attention from the neonatal period. You can watch it every day for 2 to 3 months. Read baby pictorials or suitable pictures several times, each time is not long, depending on the duration of children's attention. Fixed people, time, place, children are easy to get used to.

13. Acupuncture, cupping, electrical stimulation and auxiliary medicine: some children are treated with this according to the situation.

14. Good Habits Cultivation and Correction of Emotional Disorders: A high proportion of children with brain impairment have emotional disorders. Good habits should be cultivated since the neonatal period. Patients with emotional disorders should be corrected with patience and guidance. Good mood and active cooperation Is an important factor for fast training results.

15. Material nutrition is the foundation; children with severe brain injury should continue to train with appropriate programs after 1 year of age.

"Baby brain injury" in Chinese-English Dictionary (Source: Baidu Dictionary): 1: Infantbrain injury