What Are the Different Types of Tuberculosis Bacteria?

M. tuberculosis, commonly known as tuberculosis, is the pathogen that causes tuberculosis. Can invade all organs of the body, but tuberculosis is the most common. TB remains an important infectious disease to this day. According to the WHO, about 8 million new cases occur each year, and at least 3 million people die from the disease. Before the founding of the People s Republic of China, the death rate reached 200-300 people per 100,000, ranking first among the causes of death from various diseases. After the founding of the People s Republic of China, people s living standards improved and their health improved. Morbidity and mortality have been greatly reduced. However, it should be noted that in some parts of the world, the incidence of AIDS, drug use, immunosuppressive drugs, alcoholism, and poverty has increased.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

M. tuberculosis, commonly known as tuberculosis, is the pathogen that causes tuberculosis. Can invade all organs of the body, but with

Mycobacterium tuberculosis does not produce

Tuberculin test

Mycobacterium tuberculosis prevention

In the past 20 years, the main methods proposed by international organizations to control tuberculosis are: detection and treatment of sputum-positive people; inoculation of BCG to newborns. About 80% gain protection. In the 1940s, the mortality rate of tuberculosis in some cities in China was over 200 / 100,000. Hygiene conditions improved after liberation. From 1973 to 1977, the case fatality rate had dropped to 30 / 100,000. However, since 1979, the three large-scale sampling inspections across the country have slowed down the epidemic. From 1979 to 1990, the prevalence rate decreased by 2.8% and the sputum-positive rate decreased by 3.0% each year. The current mortality rate is 19 / 100,000, which is still twice the sum of other infectious diseases. The Ministry of Health requires that the BCG vaccination rate for newborns should reach 90% in 2000. According to statistics, the incidence rate of those who have been vaccinated at the time of neonatal vaccination is about 80% lower than that of those who have not been vaccinated.

BCG vaccine is a live vaccine. The number of live bacteria in the vaccine directly affects the immune effect, so lyophilized vaccines are currently available. New ribosomal RNA (rRNA) vaccines have attracted attention, but are still experimental.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis treatment

Rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, and streptomycin are the first-line drugs. The combination of rifampicin and isoniazid can reduce the development of drug resistance. For severe infections, pyrazinamide can be used in combination with rifampicin and isoniazid. 1g of cheese stove or cavity contains about 106-10 M. tuberculosis. For every 105 to 6 bacteria, one kind of drug-resistant mutation can be generated, and 1011 for two kinds of drug-resistant bacteria are needed.