What Are the Signs of a Deep Thigh Bruise?

The femoral nerve originates from the lumbar plexus and consists of the posterior thigh of the anterior branch of the lumbar 2, lumbar 3, and lumbar 4 nerves. It pierces from the outer edge of the psoas major muscle and travels obliquely down to the deep side of the phrenic fascia. It reaches the femoral fascial sheath between the psoas muscle and the psoas muscle, and sends out the zygomatic and psoas major branches in the popliteal fossa. The trunk passes through the deep side of the inguinal ligament, the surface of the iliopsoas, and enters the femoral triangle from the muscle space, which is located outside the femoral artery. The femoral nerve passes through the groin 2 to 3 cm, and divides the anterior and posterior branches. The anterior branch is divided into the medial femoral cutaneous nerve and the medial femoral cutaneous nerve. The posterior branch first divides the muscle to control the quadriceps muscle, and then separates a cutaneous nerve, the saphenous nerve. The saphenous nerve accompanies the femoral artery and femoral triangle from the femoral triangle into the adductor muscle tube. A fascia is penetrated from the lower end of the tube. The knee is located behind the sartorius muscle and then travels subcutaneously with the great saphenous vein to the medial malleolus. The causes of femoral nerve injury are gunshot wounds, stab wounds, and iatrogenic injuries.

Basic Information

Visiting department

orthopedics

Common locations

Femoral nerve

Common causes

Gunshot wounds, stab wounds, iatrogenic injuries, etc.

Common symptoms

Sensory disturbances in the anterior thigh and inner calf, weakened or lost knee tendon reflexes, muscle atrophy, etc.

Causes of Femoral Nerve Injury

The causes of femoral nerve injury are gunshot wounds, stab wounds, and iatrogenic injuries.

Clinical manifestations of femoral nerve injury

1. Sensory disturbances on the front side of the thigh and the inside of the calf.

2. Reduction or loss of knee tendon reflexes.

3. The knee joint cannot be straightened, and the quadriceps atrophy.

Femoral nerve injury examination

The electromyography showed that the conduction velocity of the femoral nerve in the affected side slowed down, the amplitude of the wave decreased, and the latency period of the F wave or H reflex was prolonged. The incubation period of SEP prolonged, the amplitude of wave decreased, and the interval of wave lengthened. Electromyography of the innervating muscles of the femoral nerve is mostly denervated, while the healthy side is normal.

Diagnosis of femoral nerve injury

Trauma history, paralysis of the iliopsoas and quadriceps, can not bend and stretch the knee. Sensation loss in the anterior femur, medial bone, and medial calf. Electromyography is helpful in diagnosis.

Femoral Nerve Injury Treatment

According to the characteristics and changes of electromyography, qualitatively judge the condition of femoral nerve injury, analyze the cause of femoral nerve injury, and repair the femoral nerve injury through hematoma elimination of nerve relaxation, nerve suture, nerve transplantation and other treatments.