What Is a Bone Infection?

Bone infection

Bone infections include: osteoporosis, cysticercosis, bone actinomycosis, brucellosis, and bone and joint syphilis.

Bone infection

(1) Bone yaws: a tropical infectious disease. The clinical manifestations are similar to those of syphilis, but they are not attributed to disease and are not hereditary. Does not invade important internal organs and central nervous system, mainly involving the skin, late stage can invade bones, more common in young people and children. The disease is endemic in tropical regions such as Central Africa, South Asia, and South America. A few cases have occurred in the southern region of China, but they are now almost extinct.

Bone Infectious Diseases

When making a diagnosis, you should understand the medical history in detail, pay careful attention to and analyze the clinical manifestations, and diagnose the Treponema pallidum by smear examination in the ulcerate exudate.

Treatment of bone infection disease yaws

Mainly for systemic treatment. The main drug is oil penicillin. Some people claim that the total amount is 6 million units. The first intramuscular injection is 300,000 units. After that, the intramuscular injection is 600,000 units twice daily. Local symptomatic treatment of the affected limb is feasible. If the dressing is cleaned and changed in time, the limbs are temporarily fixed with external fixing brackets to achieve limb braking and reduce pain.

(2) Osteocystis disease refers to the parasitic disease in which the larvae of Echinococcus granulosus (Echinococcus) are parasitic in the bones.

Diagnosis of osteocystis disease

Can be based on a history of living in the epidemic area and a history of frequent contact with dogs and sheep; clinical and X-ray manifestations; positive laboratory tests, etc., but should be related to giant cell tumor of bone, fibrocystic osteitis, osteosarcoma, and spine Identification of tuberculosis.

Treatment of osteocystis disease

First of all, attention should be paid to the prevention of this disease. Human cysticercosis is transmitted by dogs and should be controlled. Strengthen livestock management, and strictly prevent dog food from contaminated by cattle, sheep, and horse meat. Pay attention to personal hygiene and do not drink raw water or milk, especially in pastoral areas. The treatment of osteocystis is mainly to remove the diseased bone. However, when it is difficult to completely remove all the diseased bones, a curettage of bone grafting can be used. That is, after the lesion has been completely removed, the cavity wall is rubbed with 20% phenolic glycerol, and after 10 minutes, it is scrubbed with 90% alcohol to inactivate, and then the bone cavity is repeatedly rinsed with physiological saline and bone fragments are implanted. However, special attention must be paid to prevent the risk of anaphylactic shock caused by the spread of the ascus and the outflow of cystic fluid during the operation. After the lesion is scraped off, a drainage tube is left in place, and a 20% to 30% hypertonic sodium chloride solution is dripped daily, which can kill the head section and has a good effect.

(3) Bone Actinomycosis: It is a deep mycosis, which is rare. This disease is rare in northwest China. Most rural patients. The age of onset is 11 to 30 years old at most, and the disease system produces multiple sinus granulomatous diseases. It is characterized by purulent discharge with "sulfur-colored particles" from the sinus. Cows and horses can also get the disease.

Diagnosis of Bone Infectious Diseases

Bone infection is not difficult to diagnose, and the mandible of the face and neck is more special. Clinically, suppurative chronic granuloma mass, followed by ulceration, discharges pus with yellow "sulfur particles" and forms most of the characteristics of fistula, which is helpful for diagnosis. The clinical manifestations of the vertebral body and the X-ray changes of the vertebral body and its accessories also have their characteristics. Of course, in the differential diagnosis, attention should be paid to the difference from chronic bone inflammation and bone tuberculosis. Chronic inflammation often has a history of acute inflammation, ruptured pus, and dead bone formation. No yellow particles in the pus. Spinal tuberculosis has multiple intervertebral disc destruction, fewer vertebral bodies involved, transverse processes and rib heads are often not damaged, there are no yellow particles in cold abscesses, and the spine is often accompanied by posterior deformities. Of course, the most convincing diagnosis of this disease is to find the radial hyphae arranged in the sulfur particles.

Treatment of bone infection and bone actinomycosis

More difficult. Because early diagnosis (such as lesions of the chest, abdomen, or spine) can sometimes not be made early, early treatment is not available and the prognosis is generally poor.

Surgery is often used, incision and drainage and removal of necrotic tissue. Open the lesion as much as possible in contact with the air. A large dose of antibiotics is given before and after surgery, with penicillin as the first choice. 2-6 million units per day for several months. May be combined with sulfadiazine and iodide. Those with poor general conditions are given supportive therapy. Radiation therapy is also available on the face and neck.

Pay attention to oral hygiene to prevent infection. For example, antibiotics should be used promptly after tooth extraction, which is also of positive significance for preventing the occurrence of actinomycetes.