What Is a Colposcope?

A vaginal microscope is a medical device used to clinically check for changes in the cervical, vaginal, and vulvar tissues. It is mainly composed of a microscope, a casing, a microscope table and a rack. Its main advantage lies in assisting the biopsy to take the positioning and improve the positive rate of biopsy.
Colposcopy

A vaginal microscope is a medical device used to clinically check for changes in the cervical, vaginal, and vulvar tissues. It is mainly composed of a microscope, a casing, a microscope table and a rack. Its main advantage lies in assisting the biopsy to take the positioning and improve the positive rate of biopsy.

Chinese name

Vaginal microscope

Foreign name

Vaginal Microscope

Category Name

Colposcopy

Product Category

Class II medical devices

History of Vaginal Microscopy

The application of colposcopy began in 1925 (Hinselman's), but because the magnification is small (10-40) times, no cells can be seen. In recent years, the application of colposcopy has been improved. In 1934, Pick's reported at the Dutch International Gynecological Conference This method is used to diagnose cervical cancer. Antoine and Gurnberger et al. Also began to be successfully applied in 1949, and they were written in 1956. Later they were gradually applied in Northern Europe, Japan and other places ^[1] .

Basic structure of vaginal microscope

It usually consists of an observation system and an illumination system. The observation system is a stereo optical microscope system with a short working distance with eyepieces and objective lenses. It can be connected to an image acquisition and display system. Use the principle of microscopic magnification to observe the details of the object ^[2] .

1. Microscope: 280x magnification, with a lamp attached to it.

2. Sleeve: Place directly on the vagina, close to the cervix. The sleeve lens has a small 8 mm diameter ring to indicate the area that can be inspected. The sleeve diameter is 30 mm.

3. Microscope table: The microscope is placed on it, and it has a thickness focus adjustment, which can move the field of view up and down, left and right, but its range does not exceed a small circle of 8 mm diameter on the tube lens.

4. Shelf: Fix the microscope and adjust the position of the microscope for insertion into the vagina ^[1] .

Vaginal microscopy

First perform a vaginal examination to determine whether a vaginal microscope can be used, then place a vaginal speculum, wipe the mucus with light acetic acid, and dipped a cotton ball with Mayer's Hematoxylin solution on the cervix for 3-5 minutes to the cervix Light purple. Dry the remaining stain, remove the speculum, and expose the cervix with a right-angled hook. The cannula was disinfected with alcohol and placed in the vagina after drying. The small circle on the cannula is directly attached to the cervical examination site and irradiated with flashlight. Once again, confirm that the inspection area is indeed in the small circle, remove the air bubbles, move the rack, press the microscope into the cannula, and connect the cannula, then fix the cannula. , Turn on the light, you can check ^[1] .

Vaginal microscope use conditions

1. For patients with no vaginal stenosis, the cannula can be smoothly inserted.

2. There is no adhesion on the lower vagina, and the cervix can be exposed.

3. There is no bleeding in the cervix, otherwise a layer of red blood cells will be seen under the microscope, which will prevent cervical tissue examination ^[1] .

Limitations of Vaginal Microscopy

1. Early cervical cancer is more in the cervical canal, which is difficult to find with vaginal microscope.

2. Vaginal microscopy is limited to 1-2 layers of epithelium on the surface, and deep invasive carcinomas cannot be examined.

3. When the unevenness on the cervix is too far, the concave surface exceeds the focal length, and the cervical laceration can not be checked.

4. For elderly women with narrow vagina, patients with cervical adhesions do not achieve good results.

5. Advanced cervical cancer, because there are many rotten tissues that are prone to bleeding, this method cannot be used to check ^[1] .

Clinical application of vaginal microscope

1. Diagnosis of vulvar disorders.

2. Observe the cyclic changes of the cervix and vagina.

3. Follow-up work during the diagnosis and treatment of cervical lesions and cervical cancer. ^[1] .

Vaginal microscope considerations

1. Cervical epithelium should not be rubbed too much. When removing mucus and staining, be careful not to rub left and right, otherwise the epidermis will fall off and hinder the examination.

2. Check during the non-ovulation period. Cervical mucus tests often fail.

3. After staining, although the stain did not damage the cervix, there was still mild irritation. After a long inspection, the secretion increased, which can be wiped off without hindering the inspection.

4. The control of cervical humidity is very important. Too dry is easy to contact the surface of the sleeve to form air bubbles; too wet is easy to form a bubble with a drop of water, which affects the examination. After dyeing, the remaining staining solution is sucked away without being exposed for too long, that is, the inspection is performed, and the humidity is most suitable at this time ^[1] .