What Is Anhidrosis?

Anhidrosis refers to less or no sweat on the surface of the skin, also known as sweat sweat, which can be divided into local sweat sweat or systemic sweat sweat. Causes of anhidrosis can include sweat gland dysfunction and nervous system damage, and other conditions can also cause anhidrosis. In terms of types, it includes neurohidrosis, sweat gland dysfunction, and idiopathic anhidrosis.

Basic Information

nickname

Sweat closed

English name

anhidrosis

Visiting department

dermatology

Common causes

Caused by dysfunction of neural pathways that activate sweat glands; or found in congenital ectodermal dysplasia, etc.

Common symptoms

No significant sweat throughout the skin or part of the body throughout the year, general discomfort, extreme fatigue, localized dry and rough skin, etc.

Causes of Anhidrosis

Neurohidrosis

Caused by dysfunction of neural pathways that activate sweat glands. Such as medulla damage can cause ipsilateral segmental sweating or temporary non-sweat in the damaged areas. The generalized anhidrosis caused by the disease may be due to the increased inhibition of the hypothalamus by the cortex. Tumors in the hypothalamus or damage to the bottom of the third ventricle can also lead to systemic sweating and high fever. Diseases in the lower brainstem can cause ipsilateral facial and neck anhidrosis. Heatstroke and high fever can also cause transient anhidrosis, which may inhibit the hypothalamus and cause the lack of impulses to the central nervous system of the sweat glands, which can cause anhidrome. Leprosy can occur with leprosy, alcoholic neuritis, amyloidosis, diabetes, and gout, and segmental anhidrosis may occur due to the dominating ganglion block caused by the above diseases. Anhidrosis can occur in autonomic neuropathy, ganglion block, Horner syndrome, and hereditary sensory neuropathy type IV, as well as in the application of cholinergic drugs.

2. Sweating gland dysfunction

Found in congenital ectodermal dysplasia. The patient's dysgenesis of sweat glands leads to generalized anhidrosis, and is accompanied by incomplete or incomplete development of sebaceous glands, hair, and nails. Acquired anhidrosis is seen in scleroderma, tumors, burns, skin grafts, radiation dermatitis, lymphoma, Sjogren syndrome, and chronic atrophic acral dermatitis, which can even cause sweating in the small sweat glands to disappear. The sweat glands are destroyed by certain drugs, which can also cause anhidrosis, such as anti-cholinergic drugs such as miparene (apine), atropine and scopolamine, barbiturates and diazepam cause sweat glands necrosis and cause anhidrosis.

Milia and obstructed sweat ducts caused by inflammatory and keratotic skin diseases, sweat remains in the skin, and anhidrosis occurs. The common clinical manifestations of miliform rash are white rash, red rash, pus, and deep rash. Ichthyosis, psoriasis, pemphigus, keratosis and atopic dermatitis, and seborrheic dermatitis can block sweat flowing in the sweat ducts and cause anhidrosis. Zirconium salts, aluminum salts, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, and iontophoresis can also occlude local sweat holes.

3. Idiopathic anhidrosis

Nervous development in newborns and premature infants, without sweating within weeks after birth; patients with hypothyroidism, tumors, uremia, liver cirrhosis, endocrine diseases (such as Addison disease, diabetes, etc.) and rare genetic diseases (such as Fabry Disease, Franceschetti-Jatassohn syndrome, etc.) can appear anhidrosis, radiation heat and plaster cast compression can also cause temporary anhidrosis.

Clinical manifestations of anhidrosis

1. The patient's whole body skin or a certain part of the body has no obvious sweat all year round. Patients often feel general discomfort, extreme fatigue, and are most noticeable during exercise. In the hot weather season, body temperature often rises, heart rate increases, skin flushes throughout the body, and even symptoms such as collapse and heat stroke appear.

2. Localized skin is dry, rough, or appears on some skin diseases, and the general symptoms are mild.

Anhidrosis treatment

1. Actively treat various primary diseases that cause anhidrosis.

2. Oral pilocarpine can stimulate sweat gland secretion. Vitamin A and thyroid powder (tablets) can be taken orally.

3. For patients with systemic non-sweat caused by elevated body temperature, physical cooling can be adopted. Dry and rough skin caused by local anhidrosis can be treated with some non-irritating ointments to protect the skin. Artificially moisturize the skin in summer to help regulate body temperature.