What Is Central Hypertension?

Antihypertensive drugs with central action. Excitatory and inhibitory adrenergic neurons that control the function of the peripheral and sympathetic nervous system exist in the medullary cardiovascular motor center. They depend on each other, restrict each other, and regulate blood pressure.

Central antihypertensive drugs

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Antihypertensive drugs with central action. Excitatory and inhibitory adrenergic neurons that control the function of the peripheral and sympathetic nervous system exist in the medullary cardiovascular motor center. They depend on each other, restrict each other, and regulate blood pressure.

Chinese name

Central antihypertensive drugs

Foreign name

antihypertensive drugs with central action

First generation

Central antihypertensive drugs act on the central nervous system, activate the a2 receptors in the central nervous system, inhibit the central nervous system from issuing sympathetic nerve impulses, cause slowing heart rate, reduce cardiac output, reduce peripheral vascular resistance, and inhibit the release of renin . But long-term use can also affect the hypotensive effect due to water and sodium retention.

a2 theory

Imidazoline theory

In addition to the central role, some such as moxidine have been shown to directly affect the kidneys, produce diuretic and sodiumuria-increasing effects, and reduce the release of catecholamine vasoactive substances, lower catecholamines, renin, and renin-angiotensin- Activity of the aldosterone system. These help lower blood pressure.

Traditionally, it can be divided into two categories

The first generation of central antihypertensive drugs began to be used in clinical antihypertensive drugs in the 1960s. Typical representatives are clonidine, in addition to methyldopa, guanfacine and guanabenz. In the past, it has been widely used for antihypertensive treatment, but because of serious adverse reactions such as dry mouth, drowsiness, impotence, and rebound, it has been ignored by clinicians. In 1999, the guidelines for hypertension treatment issued by the World Health Organization and the International Hypertension Association did not include the center. Antihypertensive drugs are listed as first-line drugs.

Second-generation central antihypertensive drugs

In the second generation, since the discovery of imidazoline receptors in the 1990s, central antihypertensive drugs have been further elucidated. In recent years, people have developed new interest in central antihypertensive drugs. Limenadine and moxonidine are the second-generation drugs. Its second-generation central antihypertensive drug has a much greater affinity for the I1 imidazoline receptor than the a2 receptor. Therefore, adverse reactions such as dry mouth and lethargy are greatly reduced compared with the previous generation.