What Is an Epithelial Neoplasm?

Malignant epithelial tumors are a type of cancer. In medicine, it specifically refers to malignant tumors derived from epithelial tissue, and other malignant tumors derived from connective tissue are only called malignant tumors.

Malignant epithelial tumor

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Malignant epithelial tumors are a type of cancer. In medicine, it specifically refers to malignant tumors derived from epithelial tissue, and other malignant tumors derived from connective tissue are only called malignant tumors.

Chinese name

Malignant epithelial tumor

Foreign name

Carcinoma

Nature

Is a type of cancer

To source

Connective tissue-derived malignancy

Occurs from epithelial tissue (including overlying epithelium and glandular epithelium)

The difference between sarcoma and cancer is the origin of epithelial and mesenchymal tissue in carcinosarcoma tissue, which is common in more than 80% of malignant tumors and 1% of malignant tumors.
The appearance is gray-white, hard, pear-like gray-red, uniform, delicate, and soft. The morphological tumor cells are arranged in a nest shape under the fish-like microscope. The parenchyma and interstitial boundaries are clearly scattered. Metastasis is more common. Bloodstream metastasis is more common. The age of onset is mostly middle-aged and elderly. Rarely is the age distribution of adolescents. The majority of malignant tumors in adolescents are sarcomas.

Epithelial malignant tumors are called cancers and are more common in the elderly. They are the most common type of malignant tumors in humans. Cancer is often dominated by invasive growth, so the boundary between it and surrounding tissues is unclear. Cancers that occur on the surface of the skin and mucous membranes are often polypoid, mushroom-shaped, or cauliflower-like in appearance, often with necrosis and ulcers on the surface; they are often irregular nodules in the organs, appearing as roots or crabs The foot is infiltrated to the surrounding tissues and has a hard texture. The cut surface is often gray and dry. Under the microscope, the cancer cells can be arranged in glandular, nested, or strand-like shapes, with clear boundaries between the stroma. It can also diffusely infiltrate and grow in the interstitial, and the boundary between it and the interstitial is unclear.

There is a new type of minimally invasive treatment that is more effective, namely non-surgical radioactive particle implantation. As we all know, during tumor growth, only a small number of cells are continuously propagating (active cells). During the mitotic phase, a small amount of gamma rays can destroy the tumor's reproductive ability, and tumor cells in other stages of the reproduction cycle are poorly sensitive to gamma rays, and tumor cells at rest are relatively insensitive to gamma rays. (Gamma Knife) Fractional short-time irradiation can only treat cells in some phases of the tumor reproduction cycle. Tumor cells in other phases can still quickly restore reproduction ability, and the cell doubling time is significantly shortened. Tumor cells can still grow rapidly in the gap between two irradiations, which directly affects the effect of external radiotherapy.
Although the gamma rays produced by implanting radioactive particles between tumor tissues are not large, they can continue to work on tumor cells, so they can continuously kill tumor stem cells.After sufficient half-life, tumor cells can lose their ability to reproduce. More thorough treatment effect.

As an anti-cancer gene, p53 gene plays a vital role in preventing cell canceration. However, when it changes under certain factors and becomes a mutant p53 gene, it no longer has anti-cancer activity, but has a certain promotion effect on the canceration process of cells. Among the many changes in genes, point mutations are an important reason for turning such anti-oncogenes into oncogenes.

Point mutations of the p53 gene appear in many tumors, and many have been reported in ovarian cancer. However, there are some differences in the views of mutation rates among them [5, 6]. In this paper, p53 gene mutations in malignant ovarian epithelial tumors were detected. It was found that the incidence of p53 gene mutations in this type of tumor was 30% (12/40), which was significantly higher than that of benign tumors. The difference was significant by the 2 test (P < 0.01).

During the development of epithelial ovarian tumors from benign to malignant, p53 gene mutation plays a certain role. Although the role of the mutant p53 gene in the carcinogenesis process is not absolutely certain at present, in the theory of multi-gene interaction, the tumorigenicity of the cell caused by the mutant p53 gene has been accepted.

Whether p53 mutations are affected by the degree of histological differentiation is controversial. The quality of histological differentiation has a close relationship with the clinical process of cancer, but how does this histological differentiation affect p53 gene mutations? This study investigated p53 gene mutations in tumor tissues of different histological grades. The results showed that the degree of tissue differentiation was different, and the p53 gene mutation in tumor tissue was also different, but this difference was not significant between histological grades (P> 0.05). Therefore, it is believed that p53 gene mutation has nothing to do with tumor histological grade.

Whether the p53 gene mutation is related to other factors, such as tumor size, whether there is metastasis, and whether there are surgical residues, etc., needs further study.

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