What is cholin acetyltransferase?
choline acetyltransferase is an enzyme produced in the brain. This enzyme is responsible for the production of acetylcholine neurotransmitter, which is associated with cholin and acetate. Acetylcholine is important for functions such as muscle contraction, heart rate control and learning. Choline acetyltransferase performs this operation within cholinergic neurons and creates acetylcholine supply to relax into the synapse when the neuron is activated.
cells produce choline acetyltransferase in a harsh endoplasmic reticulum contained in the cellular body of the neuron. Once the enzyme moves slowly through the microtubules passing through the axon, a long part of the neuron through which electrical signals travel. Finally, the molecule arrives at the axon terminal, part of the neuron closest to the synapse. Here he begins to produce acetylcholine.
A large enzyme called acetyl coenzyme and (acetyl-coa) plays an important role in this process. Acetyl-coordodes acetate groups into chemical reactions that occur throughout the body, especially the acid cycleLemon used by each cell in the metabolism process. Acetyl-Coa also binds to cholin acetyltransferase. When cholin arrives at a nearby slot, it is attached to the acetate group and creates acetylcholine. COENZYME A is released as a by -product and is free to bind to a new acetate group.
The result is acetylcholin. Molecules of acetylcholine gather into synaptic vesicles, small membranes with which the neuron may expel. When neural fires, they release these molecules into a synaptic cleft, where they can run another neuron by connecting to specific receptors. Acetylcholine is a particularly versatile neurotransmitter and can cause different effects from different types of neurons.
Cholinergic system includes neurotransmitter acetylcholine, receptors bind and neurons affect these receptors. The cholinergic system is one of the most important and well -studied neurotransMismis systems.The body relies on acetylcholine and cholinergic system for various functions. Outside the brain, it helps to stimulate muscle contraction and regulate heart rate. In the brain, he plays a role in basic mental processes such as memory, learning and reward feelings. It is also a system affected by nicotine and is therefore responsible for the effectiveness of cigarette addiction.
choline acetyltransferase is produced by a gene called chat. There are several different versions of the cottage genes, all of which can successfully produce cholin acetyltransferase. Sometimes, however, mutations in this gene lead to the failure of effective production of the intended enzyme. These mutations seem to correlate with Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia, along with the observed cholin deficiencies.