What Is Dentin Dysplasia?

Causes of abnormal tooth structure

Abnormal tooth structure

It refers to the abnormal development of the teeth caused by various obstacles during the development of the dental matrix or calcification of the teeth during the development of the teeth, and leaves permanent defects or marks on the dental tissues. Commonly: dental enamel hypoplasia, teeth Essential hypoplasia, fluorosis and tetracycline stained teeth.

Affected area

head

Related diseases

Enamel hypoplasia horse teeth

Affiliated Department

Department of Stomatology

Related symptoms

Calcified nodular molars

Causes of abnormal tooth structure

Dental tissue can reflect the individual's past developmental processes. During tooth development, the body's nutrition, metabolism, and severe systemic diseases can affect the developing tooth tissue, cause dysplasia, and leave permanent defects or marks. Irregular horizontal groove or pit-like defects appear on the enamel surface; in severe cases, the cusp or incisor atrophy, the molar or bicuspid surface loses the normal sulcus form, and even the dentin of some parts of the crown is exposed.

Examination and diagnosis of abnormal dental structure

First, enamel hypoplasia (enamelhypoplasia)

Due to the different stages of tooth development, the severity of the enamel matrix formation is different, the time is different, and the clinical enamel defects are not the same.

(1) Bands are due to enamel developmental obstacles that occur during the same period, and the width of the bands reflects the long duration of the obstacle. The nests are the destruction of clusters of enamel cells, a phenomenon called enamel hypoplasia.

(2) Enamel is affected during calcification.The crown has only changes in hardness and color, the surface is rough and chalky, and no substantial defect is called poor calcification.

Clinically divided into mild and severe according to the degree of damage:

(1) Mild: The enamel is normal in shape, without substantial defects or obvious horizontal stripes on the tooth surface, the enamel is chalky opaque, the surface is looser and rougher, the permeability is higher, and the external pigmentation is yellowish brown.

(2) Severe: The tooth enamel has a substantial defect, which is band-shaped or recessed. In severe cases, the entire tooth surface is honeycombed, and there is no enamel coverage.

Chronic periapical infection of deciduous molars causes enamel insufficiency in bicuspid teeth.Most enamel defects can easily be mistaken for residual roots of deciduous teeth and are removed, so they are carefully identified based on age and morphology.

Based on the site of enamel hypoplasia, infer the time of the developmental disorder:

Defects near the incisal margin and apex-within the first year after birth

Incision margin enamel is involved ?? At the end of the first year or the beginning of the second year after birth

Incision margin enamel is involved ?? At the end of the first year or the beginning of the second year after birth

Incision margin enamel involvement-second to third year

Cut edge enamel affected 7 ~ 10 years old

Second, dentin hypoplasia: It is a disease characterized by chromosomal dominant or invisible inheritance.

Type dentin hypoplasia-accompanied by dysplasia of bone tissue.

Type dentine hypoplasia-simple dentin hypoplasia, without abnormalities in other organs throughout the body, also called hereditary opalescent dentin.

Treatment of dentin hypoplasia:

Full crown ?? Prevent excessive tooth wear

Full dentition jaw pads-the crown is severely worn to restore interocclusal and chewing heights.

Abnormal tooth structure

Abnormal tooth size:

Oversized teeth, also known as giant teeth. Megatooth is often accompanied by insufficient number of teeth. It is the two adjacent tooth germs that were squeezed by external force in the early stage of tooth germ formation to fuse into a giant tooth. Hyperhypophysis can also cause huge deformities of the tooth. patient.

Too small teeth are found in individual teeth that are short, such as maxillary incisors, second bicuspids, and third molars. These teeth are considered a sign of degeneration of the chewing organs. Full mouth shortness is seen in dementia with hypothyroidism and dwarfism with insufficient pituitary hormone secretion. In addition, children with ectodermal hypoplasia or congenital stupidity often have small teeth.

Tooth nodules or bulges:

The distorted central cusp is an excessive increase in the central nodule of the premolar, forming a cusp higher than the occlusal surface. Because the deformed central tip is related to racial inheritance, it is only found in Eastern races, such as Chinese, Japanese, and Philippine ethnicities, so it is also called Oriental premolar.

Deformed tongue tip is caused by excessive growth of tongue incisors. In addition, additional nodules are sometimes seen in the molars.

Fusion teeth: often due to the fusion of two normal embryos, this type of fusion can be complete or incomplete during tooth development. The cause of fusion is generally considered to be caused by pressure. When mechanical pressure causes two developing tooth germs to squeeze together and gradually merge. If stress occurs before calcification of the two teeth, a fully fused giant tooth is formed. If the pressure occurs after the development of the crown is complete, a root fusion is formed, and the crown is divided into two. Sometimes only part of the dentin and enamel are fused, and the root canal can be one or two. It is most common in deciduous teeth, especially in the anterior teeth.

During the period of tooth development, the enamel indentation indented an incomplete separation of a tooth germ, and formed a completely or incompletely divided crown. There is a common root, which is also called twin teeth.

Fusion teeth are often accompanied by a reduction in the number of teeth. There are reports of genetic predisposition in fusion teeth.

Pulp cavity abnormalities: The pulp cavity is very large, especially the long axis of the pulp cavity is very long, and the root is very short. This type of tooth is called a bovine tooth, because it is found in the teeth of herbivores such as cattle. These characteristics are named.

Incomplete tooth formation: The tooth formation process is divided into two steps: formation of dental matrix and deposition of calcium salts. If the odontogenic cells are damaged, the calcium salt deposition and matrix formation are also affected, and tooth formation is incomplete.

First, enamelhypoplasia is different because of the different stages of tooth development when the enamel matrix is formed. The severity of the enamel matrix is different, the time is different, and the clinically seen enamel defects are not the same.

(1) Bands are due to enamel developmental obstacles that occur during the same period, and the width of the bands reflects the long duration of the obstacle. The nests are the destruction of clusters of enamel cells, a phenomenon called enamel hypoplasia.

(2) Enamel is affected during calcification.The crown has only changes in hardness and color, the surface is rough and chalky, and no substantial defect is called poor calcification.

Clinically divided into mild and severe according to the degree of damage:

(1) Mild: The enamel is normal in shape, without substantial defects or obvious horizontal stripes on the tooth surface, the enamel is chalky opaque, the surface is looser and rougher, the permeability is higher, and the external pigmentation is yellowish brown.

(2) Severe: The tooth enamel has a substantial defect, which is band-shaped or recessed. In severe cases, the entire tooth surface is honeycombed, and there is no enamel coverage.

Chronic periapical infection of deciduous molars causes enamel insufficiency in bicuspid teeth.Most enamel defects can easily be mistaken for residual roots of deciduous teeth and are removed, so they are carefully identified based on age and morphology.

Based on the site of enamel hypoplasia, infer the time of the developmental disorder:

Defects near the incisal margin and apex-within the first year after birth

Incision margin enamel is involved ?? At the end of the first year or the beginning of the second year after birth

Incision margin enamel is involved ?? At the end of the first year or the beginning of the second year after birth

Incision margin enamel involvement-second to third year

Cut edge enamel affected 7 ~ 10 years old

Second, dentin hypoplasia: It is a disease characterized by chromosomal dominant or invisible inheritance.

Type dentin hypoplasia ?? accompanied by bone dysplasia

Type dentine hypoplasia-simple dentin hypoplasia, without abnormalities in other organs throughout the body, also called hereditary opalescent dentin.

Treatment of dentin hypoplasia:

Full crown ?? Prevent excessive tooth wear

Full dentition jaw pads-the crown is severely worn to restore interocclusal and chewing heights.

Prevention method of dental structure abnormality

During pregnancy, the mother pays attention to nutrition, excessive radiation exposure and drugs, and conducts regular oral examinations. If you eat acid, don't brush your teeth right away: After eating acidic foods, such as lemon and grapefruit juice, do not brush your teeth right away, because acidic liquid will make the teeth The enamel softens and damages dental health. You can rinse your mouth with water, or drink some water or milk to neutralize the acidity of your food. Identify problems early and prevent them early.