What Is Keratoconus?
Keratoconus is an eye disease characterized by a corneal dilation, a thinning center that protrudes forward, and is conical. It often causes highly irregular myopic astigmatism. In the later stage, acute corneal edema occurs, scarring occurs, and vision is significantly reduced. It develops more slowly than adolescents.
- English name
- keratoconus
- Visiting department
- Ophthalmology
- Multiple groups
- puberty
- Common symptoms
- Myopia astigmatism
Basic Information
Causes of keratoconus
- The cause is unknown. Many scholars believe that the disease is an autosomal recessive inheritance. Histologically, the fiber layer at the cone was reduced, and the diameter of the collagen fibers did not change. Therefore, it may be considered that the fiber layers were not sufficiently bonded and the layers slipped off each other, resulting in thinning. Genetic and allergic diseases are also possible causes.
Keratoconus clinical manifestations
- 1. The most characteristic sign is a cone with a forward conical protrusion. The thinned area of the corneal stroma is most obvious at the top of the cone. Can cause severe irregular astigmatism and high myopia, severe vision loss.
- 2. Spontaneous rupture of the anterior elastic layer can cause corneal edema, and scar turbidity can be formed after repair.
- 3. The rupture of the posterior corneal elastic layer can cause acute stroma edema, that is, acute keratoconus, at which time vision is significantly reduced. Edema can be absorbed within 4 months, but scar tissue remains.
Keratoconus
- Corneal topography, Placido disk, corneal curvature meter, etc.
Keratoconus diagnosis
- Clear keratoconus is easy to diagnose. When the appearance and the appearance of the slit lamp are not typical, early diagnosis is difficult. The most effective method is corneal topography. Others include Placido disk, corneal curvature meter, retinal examination and so on.
Keratoconus treatment
- According to the progress of the disease, in the early stages of the disease, glasses alone can correct it. When the corneal surface becomes irregular astigmatism, a contact lens should be worn. At present, it is generally corrected by RGP (a type of contact lens), but RGP cannot prevent the development of the disease. When RGP cannot be worn or corrects poor vision, corneal transplantation is required.