What Is Primary Dysmenorrhea?
Primary dysmenorrhea is functional dysmenorrhea, which refers to menstrual pain, which is often spastic and concentrated in the lower abdomen. Other symptoms include headache, fatigue, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and low back pain. It is a very common condition in young women. Primary dysmenorrhea is not accompanied by obvious pelvic organic disease.
Basic Information
- English name
- primary dysmenorrhea
- Visiting department
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Multiple groups
- Young women
- Common causes
- Endometrial cast-off (membrane dysmenorrhea), uterine hypoplasia, uterine flexion, cervical canal stenosis, etc.
- Common symptoms
- Menstrual period pain, accompanied by headache fatigue, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, back and leg pain, etc.
Causes of primary dysmenorrhea
- Primary dysmenorrhea is generally thought to be due to the following reasons: endometrial cast-off (membrane dysmenorrhea), uterine hypoplasia, uterine flexion, cervical canal stenosis, poor body posture and physical factors, allergic states and mental factors Wait.
Clinical manifestations of primary dysmenorrhea
- Primary pain often occurs in young women. It begins several months (6-12 months) after menarche and begins to decline after the age of 30. Pain often begins before or immediately after menstruation and continues during the menstrual period. For the first 48 to 72 hours, the pain is often spastic and sometimes so severe that it takes hours or days to stay in bed. The pain is concentrated in the middle of the lower abdomen, sometimes with back pain or radiation to the medial thigh. No pelvic findings were seen. The judgment of dysmenorrhea is generally based on the degree of pain and its impact on daily activities, systemic symptoms, and the application of analgesics. Mild: Pain, but does not affect daily activities, no systemic symptoms, rarely use painkillers; Moderate: Pain affects daily activities, work ability also has a certain impact, rarely systemic symptoms, need painkillers, And effective; Severe: Pain significantly affects daily activities and work, systemic symptoms are obvious, and ordinary painkillers have limited effects.
Primary dysmenorrhea
- Laboratory inspection
- The secretion checks for hormone levels.
- 2. Other auxiliary inspections
- B-ultrasound, laparoscopy, hysteroscopy, uterine fallopian tube, lipiodol contrast examination.
Diagnosis of primary dysmenorrhea
- Examination of no positive signs is the key to the diagnosis of primary dysmenorrhea. The main reason is to exclude the presence of pelvic organic lesions. Take a complete medical history and do a detailed physical examination (especially a gynecological examination) to exclude endometriosis, adenomyosis, and pelvic inflammation.
Differential diagnosis of primary dysmenorrhea
- Should be distinguished from chronic pelvic pain: the pain of chronic pelvic pain has nothing to do with menstruation. It should also be distinguished from secondary dysmenorrhea and early endometriosis.
Primary Dysmenorrhea Treatment
- General treatment
- Help patients relieve their concerns and build confidence. During dysmenorrhea, you can rest in bed or apply heat to the lower abdomen. Pay attention to menstrual hygiene. You can take general non-specific pain medication.
- 2. Oral contraceptives
- It is suitable for dysmenorrhea patients who need contraceptive measures. Contraceptives can inhibit ovulation, reduce prostaglandin content, vasopressin and oxytocin levels in menstrual blood and inhibit uterine activity.
- 3. Prostaglandin synthase inhibitor
- Usually menstrual cramps, pain began to take medicine for 2 to 3 days.
- 4. Calcium ion channel stagnation agent
- Can significantly inhibit uterine contraction. Take it before the menstrual prevention, and most of them have good results.