What Is Proctitis?

Broadly speaking, inflammation that occurs in the rectum can be referred to as proctitis. Common prostatitis is mainly manifested by anal slump, diarrhea, and severe after anxiety; bloody stool, mucus, or mucus bloody stool.

Basic Information

English name: proctitis
Visiting department: Gastroenterology
Common locations: rectum

Common causes: Damage, poisoning and infection, and radiation exposure can all cause
Common symptoms: Anal slump, diarrhea, severe after anxiety; bloody stool, mucus stool
Contagious: no

Causes of Proctitis

Foreign body damage

The most common cause is foreign body damage in the rectum. Undigested bone chips, wood chips or other foreign objects with sharp angles can directly damage the rectal mucosa and cause proctitis. In addition, hard faeces during severe constipation can cause proctitis or even ulcers.

2. Poisoning and infection

Proctitis is often complicated by heavy metal (mercury, arsenic, etc.) poisoning or infectious diseases mainly characterized by gastrointestinal damage.

3. Local inflammation stimulation

Long-term local inflammatory stimuli such as chronic bacterial infection (chronic dysentery), amoebic dysentery, chronic non-specific ulcerative colitis, etc.

4. Caused by sexually transmitted diseases

Unclean sexual intercourse makes the anus suffer from condyloma acuminatum or papillary fibroids. Long-term friction irritation can cause rectal inflammation.

5. Immune dysfunction

Abnormal regulation of human immune function can cause chronic non-specific ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

6. Hemorrhoids, anal fistula, anal fissure, suppurative sweat glanditis, folliculitis and other long-term stimulation of the anal skin can also affect the lower rectum and cause inflammation.

7. Schistosomiasis infection

The rectal mucosa is stimulated by sedimentary eggs for a long time, causing necrosis and shedding, leading to inflammation.

8. Other infections

Such as syphilis (sexually transmitted disease), virus (herpes simplex or cytomegalovirus) and chlamydia infection; antibiotic-related rectal inflammation.

9. Radioactive exposure

Due to local radiation therapy (prostate cancer, cervical cancer) can cause rectal inflammation.

Prostatitis clinical manifestations

Due to different causes, the clinical manifestations are different.

Blood in the stool

Rectal bleeding or rectal discharge of mucus, mucus and bloody stools.

2. Anorectal pain

Proctitis caused by gonorrhea, herpes simplex or cytomegalovirus can be accompanied by intense anorectal pain.

3. Abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea or alternating constipation with diarrhea

Patients with systemic symptoms or diseases of other parts of the digestive tract may develop symptoms such as fever, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, weight loss, anal burning, falling bowel movements, and relapse after anxiety.

Proctitis examination

1. Anorectal or sigmoidoscopy

(1) Acute prostatitis mucosal congestion, edema, bleeding, erosion, and yellow pus or ulcers on the surface;

(2) The chronic mucosa is swollen and hypertrophic, with rough granules on the surface and a small amount of mucus; congestion, erosion, ulcers, and formation of pseudopolyps can also be seen.

2. smear inspection

For patients with gonococcal infection, urethral or cervical secretions can be taken from the patient for Gram staining. Gram-negative diplococci can be found in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. A pharyngeal smear found that Gram-negative diplococci cannot diagnose gonorrhea because other Neisseria species are normal flora in the pharynx. In addition, the symptoms of atypical smears should be further examined.

3. stool test

Amoebic dysentery can be found in amoeba trophozoites.

4. Cultivation check

The culture of dysentery bacillus and gonococcus is an important evidence for diagnosis, and the diagnosis can be confirmed as long as the culture is positive.

5. Antibody and toxin detection

Serum antibody detection; toxin detection.

Proctitis diagnosis

1. Proctoscopy or sigmoidoscopy.

2. The pathological examination of the biopsy tissue confirms the diagnosis.

3. Etiological diagnosis

Bacterial, fungal, and viral detection through stool, smears, or biopsies; related antibodies and toxins.

Proctitis treatment

Cause treatment

Because the etiology of proctitis is complicated, the treatment principles should be based on the etiology and disease of proctitis.

Symptomatic treatment

(1) Enemas For rectal inflammation caused by lumpy incarcerated stools , enemas should be taken to relieve the oppression of stools.

(2) Healing cream (suppository) can be given to external pain for anal rectal pain.