What is an absorbent system?
The absorption system is a means of cooling or air conditioning where cooling is achieved by a combination of fluid or gas and heat sources. Unlike conventional systems controlled by compressors, the absorption cooling uses the secondary absorption fluid and heat from the flame of propane or petroleum to create a pressure difference necessary for refrigerant circulation. However, the rest of the basic cooling cycle is shared by both systems. There are two basic types of absorption system: lithium bromide/water and ammonia/water. The absence of a compressor causes the absorption system to be suitable for applications where network power is not available or unreliable.
The main difference between the compressor and absorption system is the method used to pressure and circulate refrigerant. Absorption cooling devices do not use a compressor, but rather rely on energy from an external heat source to control the system. This heat source is usually a propane or kerosene flame, although solar heating becomes more popular as ENErgetic component. In addition to this basic departure, absorbent refrigerators and air conditioners use the same basic principle of heat transfer as their counterparts powered by a compressor.
There are two basic types of absorption system, each working in a similar way, but is suitable for different temperature ranges. The first is the lithium bromide/water system for applications when temperatures are required 32 ° F (0 ° C) and higher. In these systems, the lithium bromide component is used as an absorbent and water is a cooling agent. The second type of absorption system is the ammonia/water variant used in applications requiring temperatures of 32 ° F and below. This type of system uses ammonia as refrigerant and water as an absorbent.
Absorption systems consist of five basic phases: generator, separator, capacitor, evaporator and absorber. The cooling process begins in a generator where the heat is applied to a refrigerant/absorb mixturece. Here the refrigerant is cooked to form gas and flows with absorbent into the separator. Both elements are then removed from each other and the refrigerant cycles through the capacitor. In the condenser, the refrigerant gas is shed with condensation and its heat acquires its liquid condition.
The liquid refrigerant then flows into the evaporator located in the room or the interior of the refrigerator. Here, it mixes with a pressure charge of hydrogen gas, which causes the refrigerant to absorb heat from the inside and evaporate quickly. From the evaporator it is the flow of refrigerant and hydrogen into the absorber, where the absorbent, which was originally separated, is remixed with them. The absorbent forms a solution and refrigerant and the shelter travels back to the evaporator. This is this cycle that gives its name to the absorption system.
As soon as this process is completed, the refrigerant/absorption mixture retains the generator to restore the cycle. The lack of network supply in the absorption system is ideal for campers, recreational vehicles (RV), ships and caravans. PlaceAnd where the network grid is unreliable, they are also good applications for this type of air conditioning and cooling. These systems can also make great sense in today's increasingly preserved environment.