What Is the Agriculture Industry?

Agriculture Industrialization is market-oriented, takes economic benefits as the center, focuses on leading industries and products, optimizes the combination of various production factors, and implements regional layout, specialized production, large-scale construction, and serial processing. , Socialized services, and enterprise-oriented management, forming an integrated management system of breeding, processing, production, supply, marketing, trade, industry, agriculture, industry, commerce, agriculture, science, and education, and modernizing the healthy development track of self-development, self-accumulation, self-regulation, and self-regulation Business methods and industrial organization. It essentially refers to the process of technological transformation of traditional agriculture and the promotion of agricultural science and technology. This business model promotes the transformation of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture as a whole, and is an effective way to accelerate agricultural modernization.

Agricultural industrialization

(Agricultural term)

" Analysis Report on In-depth Investigation and Investment Strategic Planning of Agricultural Industrialization and Agricultural Products Processing in China " shows that since 2006, the State has issued a series of Central Document No. 1 on issues related to the construction of agricultural product circulation systems. On April 20, 2011, the Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Finance jointly issued the "Notice on Issues Concerning the Comprehensive Pilot of Modern Circulation of Agricultural Products in 2011", which decided to launch agricultural products in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan, Sichuan and Shaanxi provinces Comprehensive pilot of modern circulation. The notice clarifies the market-oriented operation of the work, encourages local governments to introduce preferential policies in planning, land use, water use, electricity use, taxation, funds, etc. For the projects included in the pilot project, the central government will provide financial support not exceeding 50% of the total investment .

Firstly, the central and western regions have followed up as a whole and the overall development level has improved. According to statistics on agricultural industrialization at the end of 2002, there are more than 94,000 industrial organizations of various types in the country, an increase of 41.6% over 2000, and a number of them have emerged in the Midwest Pioneers such as Shuanghui and Mengniu reflect the huge potential of agricultural industrialization in the central and western regions.

Second, the industrialization field has been widened, and the leading organization structure area is reasonable. In recent years, the requirements for the development of agricultural integration have been increasingly reflected, showing the general trend of agricultural integration development. The industrial organization is classified by industry. Planting accounts for 44.8%, animal husbandry accounts for 24.1%, aquaculture organizations account for 8.2%, and linte industries account for 10%. Point 4, there are other types accounting for 10.5%.

The third is to continuously improve the motive mechanism of industrialization development. Establishing a reasonable interest connection mechanism between enterprises and farmers is the core and internal driving force of agricultural industrialization. Contracts, cooperation, and joint-stock cooperation accounted for 77.8 percent of the three more stable ways of connecting interests.

The fourth is the introduction of modern enterprise management mechanisms, leading enterprises have significantly enhanced their driving capabilities. In the development of industrialization, leading companies are at the forefront of market competition. They have optimized their capital structure, adopted mergers, joint stock reforms, and other methods to reform their systems. They have continuously enhanced their vitality and achieved good results.

Key industrial enterprises supported by agricultural industrialization

The 2001 National Agricultural Industrialization Field Experience Exchange Meeting ended in Weifang, Shandong. Leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization became one of the most concerned topics at the conference. Practices in various places show that where there are large-scale and top-ranking leading enterprises, the structural adjustment will be smooth, agricultural products will be sold smoothly, prices will be good, and farmers' income will be higher. In a certain sense, when a peasant finds a leading enterprise, it is tantamount to finding a market.

The problem now is that China's agricultural industrialization operation is still in its infancy, and the levels of different regions are uneven. Most of the leading enterprises are not large in scale, and their ability to drive farmers is limited, and their strength needs to be further enhanced. Immediately after joining the WTO, leading enterprises will directly face the turbulent domestic and foreign markets and compete with the giants like aircraft carriers. Our sense of urgency and crisis has never been stronger. The Party Central Committee and the State Council have proposed that a number of leading enterprises with foundations, advantages, characteristics, and prospects be selected throughout the country as the focus of state support. The intention is to make more leading enterprises grow bigger and stronger as soon as possible.

In 2000, the eight national departments jointly announced the list of 151 national leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization, which aroused the attention of the industry. However, in interviews, reporters often heard companies asking questions in confusion, by what standards and in what ways are these key leading companies identified? It is also engaged in agricultural product processing. Why can this company be selected, but that company is blocked?

One year later, the Nine Departments of the State announced the provisional measures for the identification and operation monitoring of key leading enterprises. Many issues that were confusing in the past are now clear, but people's attention has not increased but increased. The enterprises that have not been selected are wondering whether they have the conditions and when they can be included in the "national team". The companies that have already entered this group are also wondering whether they can maintain the status of the "national team" by current standards.

Why do companies value this title so much? It is just one reason to hope for the state's key support. What's more important is that the titles of key leading companies indicate strength and performance, and they also represent credibility. This is also the direction of national policy. For example, those athletes selected from the sports school and from the provincial team to the national team must be strong, willing to work hard and have a good seed for the future. If you want to become a national key leading enterprise, you must first do something solid.

Now, more and more people have reached consensus. In a certain sense, supporting leading enterprises means supporting agriculture and farmers.

On March 6, 2012, the State Council issued the "Opinions on Supporting the Development of Leading Enterprises in Agricultural Industrialization" (Guo Fa [2012] No. 10), stating that agricultural industrialization is an innovation of China's agricultural management system and is the development of modern agriculture. direction. Leading agricultural industrialization enterprises (hereinafter referred to as leading enterprises) integrate the use of production factors such as capital, technology, and talents to drive farmers to develop professional, standardized, large-scale, and intensive production. They are an important part of building a modern agricultural industrial system and promoting agriculture. The key to industrialization. Supporting the development of leading enterprises has a very important role in improving the degree of agricultural organization, accelerating the transformation of agricultural development methods, promoting modern agricultural construction and increasing farmers' employment income. ^[4]

Standards for Key Leading Enterprises in Agricultural Industrialization

What kind of enterprises are eligible to apply for national key leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization? The newly promulgated "Measures" makes it very clear that it has clearly stipulated the organizational form of the enterprise, the products it manages, the scale of the processing and distribution enterprises, corporate benefits, liabilities and credits, corporate driving capabilities, and product competitiveness. Among them, the following are impressive:

There are no restrictions on the form of ownership of the enterprise. Regardless of whether it is a state-owned, collective or private enterprise, or a Sino-foreign joint venture, Sino-foreign cooperative operation, or a wholly foreign-owned enterprise, as long as it is an enterprise established in accordance with the law with an agricultural product processing or distribution business as its main business and with independent legal personality.

Among the products operated by enterprises, the added value of agricultural products processing and circulation should account for more than 70% of the total added value. This excludes those companies that only use agriculture as a signboard.

Requirements for corporate benefits, liabilities and credit: the total return on assets of the enterprise should be higher than the interest rate of bank loans during the same period; the enterprise should not owe taxes, wages, social insurance, depreciation, and losses. The asset-liability ratio should generally be less than 60%, and the bank's credit rating is above A (including A).

Emphasize the ability of enterprises to drive farmers. Enterprises are required to drive a considerable number of farmers by establishing a reliable interest linkage mechanism. This distinguishes leading agricultural industrialization enterprises from general agricultural product processing enterprises.

Inclined to the Midwest. Regardless of the scale of processing and distribution enterprises, the annual transaction scale of specialized agricultural product wholesale markets, or the number of farmers driven by enterprises, different standards have been set for eastern, central, and western regions with different levels of economic development. For example, the total assets of processing and distribution enterprises are more than 100 million yuan in the eastern region, more than 70 million yuan in the central region, and more than 40 million yuan in the western region.

Making marketization rules more effective

The newly released "Measures" are more complete and market-oriented.

Lin Dinggen, executive deputy director of the Agricultural Industrialization Office of the Ministry of Agriculture, said that the most important change in the formulation of the "Measures" was the change from the emphasis on micro-management to the provision of services, and clearly stated that it follows the laws of the market economy and does not interfere with the autonomy of business operations. right.

Instead of following the path of government naming and official awarding, the standards will be published, and qualified enterprises will be declared in accordance with the prescribed procedures, and selected and identified by the expert group according to the basic conditions.

The key national leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization have been selected. They have to make progress and do not pursue a life-long system, introduce a competitive elimination mechanism, implement dynamic management, and conduct monitoring and evaluation every two years. The key leading enterprises that have passed the dynamic monitoring shall continue to enjoy the relevant preferential policies; those who fail the monitoring shall withdraw their certificates, cancel their qualifications as key leading enterprises, and no longer enjoy the relevant preferential policies.

Some people worry that ubiquitous falsification will make the process of declaration, identification and monitoring formal, but don't forget that the eyes of the masses are clear. As long as it is truly open and transparent, there will be fair and just premise. As long as it operates strictly in accordance with procedures and actively accepts social supervision, it will be difficult for fraudsters to hide.