What Are the Side Effects of the Abortion Pill?

Medical abortion, also known as drug abortion, refers to the use of mifepristone tablets and misoprostol to terminate early pregnancy orally. In recent years, it has been widely used in clinical practice. In the early stages of pregnancy, no abortion is required, and injections or medications are used to achieve abortion. The use of drugs to terminate pregnancy is a new development in the past 20 years. At present, the commonly used drugs are a combination of mifepristone tablets and misoprostol. The former causes uterine decidual degeneration and necrosis, and the cervical softens. The latter stimulates the uterus, contracts the uterus, and promotes the discharge of the embryo.

Basic Information

English name: drug abortion

Visiting department: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Multiple groups: Suitable for women within 49 days of pregnancy

Principles of medical abortion

Medical abortion is suitable for termination of pregnancy within 49 days, that is, the progesterone activity in the body decreases after using the drug, causing abortion, and then the drug causes the uterus to contract strongly, forcing the pregnancy tissues to be excreted from the body.

Drug flow is the use of drugs to degeneration and necrosis of the uterus, soften the cervix, and contract the uterus at the same time, forcing the embryos out of the body. During this process, patients with uterine contractions consciously experience lower abdominal pain. This pain sensation varies depending on individual tolerance.

Medical abortion adapts to the population

1. Healthy women who have menopause within 49 days and are identified as intrauterine pregnancy, who are under the age of 40 and voluntarily request the termination of pregnancy.

2. No history of chronic disease or allergic asthma.

3. Those who were diagnosed as positive after B-ultrasound and urine pregnancy test.

4. Women who have not received glucocorticoid treatment in the past 3 months.

Contraindications for medical abortion

1. Mifepristone drug contraindications

Endocrine diseases (such as adrenal disease, diabetes, thyroid disease, etc.), abnormal liver or kidney function, benign or malignant tumors of various organs, blood diseases or thrombotic diseases, hypertension, etc.

2. Prostaglandin drug contraindications

Heart disease, glaucoma, asthma, gastrointestinal disorders and allergies.

3. Pregnant women with IUD.

4. Suspicious ectopic pregnancy.

Advantages of medical abortion

1. Medical abortion avoids the pain and some complications of surgical abortion, and achieves the purpose of artificial abortion.

2. Medical abortion is convenient to apply, easy to take medicine, and does not require curettage. The pain is relatively small, and the effect is basically reliable.

3. Medical abortion is suitable for healthy women who are not suitable for surgical abortion from 5 to 7 weeks of pregnancy, especially those with scarred uterus, lactating pregnancy uterus, and uterine malformations. Women who have had abortion within six months or have had many abortions can terminate early pregnancy .

Harm of medical abortion

Abortion failure

No fetal sac excretion was seen after 8 days of administration. B-ultrasound confirmed that there was still pregnancy in the uterus. In this case, you must go to the hospital for palace cleaning.

2. Excessive blood loss and life-threatening

In particular, there is more than major bleeding. If you do not clear the palace and blood transfusion in time, you will lose your chance of rescue and your life will be insured.

3. Drug side effects

In addition to nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal reactions during medication, long bleeding time and bleeding are the main side effects of medical abortion. The effect of treatment with drugs is poor, and the palace should be cleaned if necessary. Medical abortion must be performed in a medical institution with regular rescue conditions. There are very strong indications for medical abortion. If people who buy drugs privately do not understand these indications, people who are not suitable for medical abortion to buy medicines themselves for abortion are very dangerous.

General procedure of medical abortion

1. Strict screening before medication, including enquiring medical history, conducting a full physical examination and gynecological examination, and conducting laboratory tests such as urine pregnancy test, vaginal cleanliness, trichomonas and mold, blood routine and blood type, and B-ultrasound.

2. The doctor explained in detail the method of taking the medicine, the curative effect of the medicine and possible side effects. The patient understood and signed the medicine before use.

3. Surveillance during abortion: In addition to paying attention to blood pressure, pulse, and side effects of drugs during hospitalization observation, all stools and stools discharged should be kept in a clean bedpan, and checked and recorded for fetal sac and its discharge time, fetal sac Size and amount of bleeding. If there is active bleeding before or after the fetal sac is discharged, you can give a uterine contraction agent or curettage immediately.

4. If the tissue is excreted at home, it must be brought to the doctor for inspection. If there is more vaginal bleeding than normal menstrual flow, go to the hospital for treatment in time.

Medical abortion considerations

Before medical abortion

(1) Do a B-ultrasound before drug flow to exclude ectopic pregnancy, and understand the size and location of the embryo sac to help determine whether it is suitable for drug flow.

(2) The drug flow must be a pregnant woman within 49 days of menopause, under the age of 40

(3) Good health, no contraindications. Contraindications include: previous and severe systemic diseases, liver and kidney insufficiency, allergies, heart disease, hypertension, anemia, asthma, glaucoma, pruritus during pregnancy, etc.

(4) Drug flow should be carried out in hospitals with emergency treatment, curettage conditions, and blood transfusion conditions, and more observation should be made to prevent accidents;

(5) The drug flow will be revisited in strict accordance with the doctor's order.

2. After medical abortion

(1) The hygiene and contraception after medical abortion should be more careful.

(2) During medical abortion, due to new trauma to the uterus and vaginal bleeding, retrograde infection is prone to occur. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to local hygiene. It is advisable to take a shower instead of a bathtub to avoid sewage entering the vagina and causing infection. Sex is prohibited for one month.

(3) Rest 1 to 2 weeks after a medical abortion: gradually increase the amount of activity. Do not engage in heavy physical labor and cold water labor within one month after the flow of people, so as to prevent the reduction of resistance and induce other diseases.

(4) Observe the bleeding situation, vaginal bleeding for more than a week after the abortion, and even accompanied with abnormalities such as lower abdominal pain, fever, cloudy vaginal discharge and odor, etc., should be promptly diagnosed and treated in the hospital.