What is in vitro fertilization?
Infallment in vitro (IVF) is a laboratory procedure in which egg cells are fertilized outside the female body and then transferred to her uterus. The first successful IVF procedures include those that produced a child in England in 1978 and the other in the US in 1981. Now this treatment is used worldwide in infertility cases where other concept methods were not successful.
The procedure actually includes a few steps that occur in an approximate three weeks. All steps are outpatient procedures. The first includes hormonal stimulation of female ovarian follicles, usually consisting of about 10 days of injections. Up to four or five drugs are administered before the egg implantation.
At the right point in the cycle, before ovulation, the doctor loads egg cells from the ovary with transvaginal technique. The patient is usually calmed, consciously or general anesthesia; TPOSTUP takes about 20 minutes. In the laboratory, eggs and sperm provided are incubated for approximately 18 hours. The egg is injected if necessaryEdiné sperm. After fertilization, the egg is placed in a special growth medium, where it remains for about 24 hours or until it reaches 6 to 8 cells.
The highest quality embryos, generally no more than four, are transmitted to the uterus using a thin plastic catheter that the doctor puts with a vagina and cervix. During the waiting time to determine whether the embryo has been implanted, the woman can receive a progesterone hormone to detain the uterus lining. About two weeks after embryo transfer, the blood test determines whether the procedure was successful.
The success rate of each cycle in vitro fertilization is around 20 to 30%. Many factors, including the patient's age, the quality of sperm and eggs, reproductive health, the duration of infertility and medical expertise, affect success. Because more embryos are often transmitted, the risk of multiple births is the main complication in IVF. Another risk factor is excessive ovarian stimulation. AlthoughKoli some studies indicate an increased risk of congenital defects in children created in this way, not other studies.
Some couples decide to freeze the embryos that are generated but not transferred during intense in vitro. Embryos can survive in liquid nitrogen. Other couples decided to destroy any unused embryos.