What Is a Dopamine Supplement?

Forbidden for food and feed processing

Dopamine hydrochloride injection, the indication is suitable for shock syndrome caused by myocardial infarction, trauma, endotoxin sepsis, heart surgery, renal failure, congestive heart failure, etc .; shock is still not corrected after supplementing blood volume, especially in rare Shock with normal or low urinary and peripheral vascular resistance. Since this product can increase cardiac output, it is also used for heart failure with digitalis and diuretics.

Drug Name

Dopamine hydrochloride injection

Drug type

Prescription medicines, essential medicines, medicines for medical workers' injuries

Use classification

Vasodilators

Cautions for Dopamine Hydrochloride Injection

Forbidden for food and feed processing

Ingredients of Dopamine Hydrochloride Injection

The main ingredient of this product is: dopamine hydrochloride, whose chemical name is 4- (2-aminoethyl) -1,2-benzenediol hydrochloride. Its auxiliary materials are: sodium bisulfite, water for injection.
Chemical Structure:

Molecular formula: C ₈ H ₁₁ NO ₂ · HCl
Molecular weight: 189.64

Traits of Dopamine Hydrochloride Injection

This product is a clear, colorless liquid.

Indications for dopamine hydrochloride injection

Applicable to shock syndrome caused by myocardial infarction, trauma, endotoxin sepsis, heart surgery, renal failure, congestive heart failure, etc .; shock cannot be corrected after blood volume supplementation, especially for oliguria and peripheral vascular resistance that are normal or relatively Low shock. Since this product can increase cardiac output, it is also used for heart failure with digitalis and diuretics.

Specification of dopamine hydrochloride injection

2ml: 20mg

Dopamine Hydrochloride Injection Dosage

Adults usually use intravenous injection, starting at 1 to 5 g / per minute per minute, and increasing at a rate of 1 to 4 g / per minute within 10 minutes to achieve maximum efficacy. For chronic refractory heart failure, when the intravenous drip is started, the weight is gradually increased by 0.5 to 2 g / per minute. Most patients are effective when given at 1 ~ 3g / / min. For patients with occlusive vascular disease, at the beginning of the intravenous drip, 1 g / min / min is gradually increased to 5-10 g / min / min until 20 g / min / min to achieve the most satisfactory effect.
For critical cases, first instill at 5 g / / min, and then increase from 5 to 10 g / / min to 20-50 g / / min to achieve a satisfactory effect. Or 20% of this product is added to 200 ~ 300ml of 5% glucose injection, and it is dripped at 75 ~ 100g / min at the beginning. According to the blood pressure, the speed and concentration can be increased, but the maximum dose does not exceed 500g per minute. .

Adverse reactions of dopamine hydrochloride injection

Common chest pains, dyspnea, palpitations, arrhythmias (especially with large doses), and weakness in the whole body; slow heartbeat, headaches, and nausea and vomiting are rare. Long-term application of large or small doses to patients with peripheral vascular disease, hand-foot pain or cold hands and feet; the long-term contraction of peripheral blood vessels may cause local necrosis or gangrene. There have been reports of patients with pathological gambling, increased libido, and hypersexuality after using dopamine receptor agonist drugs to treat Parkinson's disease, especially at high doses, which can generally be reversed after reducing the therapeutic dose or stopping the drug.

Contraindications of dopamine hydrochloride injection

The test has not been carried out and there are no reliable references, so it is not clear.

Cautions for Dopamine Hydrochloride Injection

1. Cross-allergic reactions: Patients who are highly sensitive to other sympathomimetic amines may also be extremely sensitive to this product.
2. Studies on humans are inadequate, and animal experiments have not shown teratogenicity. It has been reported that pregnant rats have reduced the survival of newborn pups and that survivors have potential for cataract formation. Pregnant women must weigh the pros and cons when using it.
3 Whether this product is excreted into milk is uncertain, but no problems have occurred in the application of nursing mothers.
4 The application of this product in children has not been fully studied.
5. The use of this product in the elderly has not been fully studied, but no problems have been reported.
6. The following situations should be used with caution:
(1) Not suitable for patients with pheochromocytoma;
(2) Occlusive vascular disease (or those with previous history), including arterial embolism, atherosclerosis, thrombo-occlusive vasculitis, frostbite (such as frostbite), diabetic endometritis, Raynaud's disease, etc. ;
(3) Patients with poor limb circulation must be closely monitored for the possibility of necrosis and gangrene;
(4) Caution should be exercised in the application of frequent ventricular arrhythmias.
7. Blood pressure, cardiac output, electrocardiogram and urine volume must be monitored during infusion of this product.
8. Dosing instructions:
(1) Hypovolemia must be corrected before dopamine treatment;
(2) It must be diluted before instillation. The concentration of the diluent depends on the dosage and the amount of fluid required by the individual. If no expansion is required, a 0.8 / ml solution can be used. If liquid retention is used, a 1.6 ~ 3.2 / ml solution can be used. Medium and small doses have no effect on peripheral vascular resistance and are used to treat hypotension caused by low cardiac output; larger doses are used to increase peripheral vascular resistance to correct hypotension.
(3) Use a thick vein for intravenous injection or intravenous drip to prevent the liquid from overflowing and cause tissue necrosis; if liquid overflow has indeed occurred, a 5 to 10 g of phentolamine diluted solution can be used for infiltration at the injection site.
(4) The drip rate per minute should be controlled during intravenous drip. The speed and time of drip should be based on blood pressure, heart rate, urine volume, peripheral vascular perfusion, ectopic pulsation, etc., and cardiac drainage should be performed when possible. Measurement.
(5) Slow down when shock is corrected.
(6) In case of disproportionately increased diastolic blood pressure and decreased pulse pressure, decreased urine volume, increased heart rate or arrhythmia due to excessive contraction of blood vessels, the drip rate must be slowed down or suspended.
(7) If blood pressure continues to drop during dopamine infusion or hypotension continues after adjusting the dose, dopamine should be discontinued and a stronger vasoconstrictor should be used instead.
(8) Sudden discontinuation of medicine can cause severe hypotension, so it should be gradually decreased when discontinued.

Dopamine hydrochloride injection for pregnant and lactating women

The test has not been carried out and there are no reliable references, so it is not clear.

Dopamine hydrochloride injection for children

The test has not been carried out and there are no reliable references, so it is not clear.

Dopamine hydrochloride injection for the elderly

The test has not been carried out and there are no reliable references, so it is not clear.

Drug interactions of dopamine hydrochloride injection

1. Combined with sodium nitroprusside, isoproterenol, and dobutamine, pay attention to changes in cardiac output, and the response is different than when this product is used alone.
2. High-dose dopamine is equivalent to alpha blockers such as phenoxybenzamine, phentolamine, and tolazoline. The vasodilator effect of the latter can be antagonized by the vasoconstriction effect of this product.
3. Combined with general anesthetics (especially cyclopropane or halogenated hydrocarbons). Because the latter can make the myocardium abnormally sensitive to dopamine, causing ventricular arrhythmias.
4. Used together with -blockers, it can antagonize the effect of dopamine on the heart's 1 receptor.
5. With the use of nitrates, it can reduce the anti-angina pectoris and the effect of dopamine.
6. With the use of diuretics, on the one hand, this product acts on dopamine receptors to expand renal blood vessels, increase renal blood flow and increase diuretic effect; on the other hand, this product also has a direct diuretic effect.
7. When used with guanethidine, it can strengthen the pressure effect of dopamine, weaken the antihypertensive effect of guanethidine, and cause hypertension and arrhythmia.
8. Simultaneous application with tricyclic antidepressants may increase the cardiovascular effects of dopamine, causing arrhythmia, tachycardia, and hypertension.
9. With the use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors, it can prolong and strengthen the effect of dopamine. It is known that this product is metabolized by monoamine oxidase, and patients who have received monoamine oxidase inhibitors 2 to 3 weeks before dopamine are given. 1/10.
10. Intravenous injection with phenytoin sodium can produce hypotension and bradycardia. When dopamine is used, if phenytoin sodium anticonvulsive therapy is necessary, two drugs should be used alternately.

Dopamine hydrochloride injection drug overdose

When overdose occurs, blood pressure rises. At this time, the drug should be discontinued and a blocker of a receptor should be given if necessary.

Pharmacology and Toxicology of Dopamine Hydrochloride Injection

Adrenaline receptors that excite the sympathetic nervous system and dopamine receptors located in the kidney, mesentery, coronary arteries, and cerebral arteries have a dose-dependent effect.
1. At low doses (0.5 to 2 g / per minute of body weight), it mainly acts on dopamine receptors, which causes renal and mesenteric blood vessels to dilate, renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate increase, and urine output and sodium excretion increase.
2. Small to medium dose (2 10g / per minute per body weight), can directly activate 1 receptor and indirectly promote the release of norepinephrine from the storage site, produce positive stress on the myocardium, make myocardial contractility and stroke volume The increase will eventually increase the cardiac output, systolic blood pressure, and pulse pressure may increase. There is no change or slight increase in diastolic blood pressure. The total peripheral resistance is often unchanged. Coronary blood flow and oxygen consumption are improved.
3 At high doses (more than 10 g / per minute per body weight), receptors are activated, resulting in increased peripheral vascular resistance, renal vasoconstriction, renal blood flow, and urine output. Due to increased cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance, both systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased.
(1) It excites the cardiac 1 receptors and has a stronger effect on increasing myocardial contractility;
(2) By increasing blood flow to the kidney and mesentery, it is possible to prevent the malignant development of shock caused by ischemia of these organs. With the same increase in myocardial contractility, the effects of arrhythmia and increase of myocardial oxygen consumption are weak.
In short, dopamine is particularly suitable for shock patients with weakened myocardial contractility, decreased urine output, and already filled blood volume.

Pharmacokinetics of Dopamine Hydrochloride Injection

It is not effective orally. It is widely distributed in the body after intravenous drip, and it is not easy to cross the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. It takes effect within 5 minutes after intravenous injection, and lasts for 5-10 minutes. The length of action is not related to the dosage. It is quickly degraded into inactive compounds in the liver, kidney and plasma by the action of monoamine oxidase and catechol-oxygen-methyltransferase (COMT) in the body. About 25% of a single dose is metabolized into norepinephrine at the adrenal nerve endings. The half-life is about 2 minutes. Excreted by the kidney, about 80% are excreted within 24 hours, and the metabolites are mainly in the urine, and a small part is the original form.

Storage of Dopamine Hydrochloride Injection

Protect from light and store in a sealed container.

Packaging of dopamine hydrochloride injection

10 ampoules.

Validity of Dopamine Hydrochloride Injection

24 months

Dopamine Hydrochloride Injection Standard

First Supplement of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010