What are the apoptose paths?

apoptosis are automatic biological systems that the body uses to destroy genetically damaged or changed cells by a process called programmed cellular death. To achieve apoptosis, which means literally "falling", the organism uses one of the two known apoptose paths: internal and external. Once both of these pathways are activated by a damaged cell, they use enzymes to decompose the protein structure of the cell and dismantle the cell at the chemical level. Using apoptose paths, the body can get rid of damaged cells before necrosis can set or, in the case of certain cancer cells, before the cell can spread, causing further damage. Internal apoptosis initiates from the cell when it is physically damaged or critically emphasized in another way, such as hypoxia or disease. When this happens, some normally stable proteins are released by damage, the unstable and running process of apoptosis by activating genes in DNA cells that create apoptose enzymes. These enzymesWe then attack the mitochondrial DNA cells, completely destroy it and release even more proteins and enzymes that further degrade the cell. Without its DNA, the cell can no longer reproduce or perform other functions than chemically decompose.

The outer paths of apoptosis are activated outside the cell when other systems in the body determined that the cell must die, usually to release new or different cell growth. There are two ways that can be triggered by external apoptosis: chemical activation or certain voltages such as exposure to radiation. In chemical activation, the body releases chemical compounds that connect to the cell, using receptors on the cell wall called "death receptors". Activation of these receptors then triggers internal apoptosis of the cell to destruction of the cell. In external apoptosis related to stress, radiation and chemicals such as used in the treatment of certain cancers, they cause mitochondrial DNA to release, cIt allows the release of proteins and enzymes of apoptosis and the destruction of the cell.

Although apoptosis paths are designed for the benefit of the body, some other organisms such as viruses have adapted to use them. Many viruses can attack a cell and then deactivate the inner apoptose pathway of the cell, while reproducing inside the cell safely hidden from the body's immune system. Other viruses such as HIV can create chemicals that weaken or trigger apoptosis in the cells of the immune system, destroying them and preventing them to fight the virus.