What are nicotine acetylcholin receptors?

nicotine acetylcholin receptors are specialized proteins in nerve cells that respond to neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACH). They occur in many places in the body, especially at intersections where nerve cells contact muscles and broadcast electrical signals that call muscle cells to download. The movement of the skeletal muscle relies on nicotine acetylcholin receptors to obtain feedback from the brain and spinal cord. If diseases disrupt the receptor function, the loss of voluntary muscle control may lead to paralysis.

Acetylcholin is a neurotransmitter that makes the nerves to withdraw muscle cells, and is therefore essential for all voluntary limb movement and any parts of the body controlled by skeletal muscle. Like many other chemical messengers in living systems, ACH binds to special proteins called receptors built into the membrane of muscle cells, causing a chemical reaction that results in muscle contraction. There are two types of ACH Recipers, TWhen called cholinergic receptors: nicotine and muscarin, each named the chemical - different than acetylcholin - which binds to the receptor and activates it.

In the central nervous system of nicotine acetylcholin receptors, the chemical pathways alleviate that helping the exciting brain paths that are responsible for awakening, vigilance and attention. ACH receptors in the brain often inhibit the activation of neuronal groups in these pathways. In the peripheral nervous system, nicotine ACH receptors are placed on nerves that create neuromuscular intersections with skeletal muscle. For example, when the signal to move the muscle in the leg is sent to the brain brain, nicotinic oh receptors on the nerves of the appropriate leg muscle will pass this information to the muscle.

nicotinic acetylcholin receptors were named after observation that the chemical nicotine found in tobacco trigger productsThe same reaction in these receptors as acetylcholine. Nicotine causes the opening of sodium channels of the receptors and triggers a chemical cascade that will result in muscle contraction. That is why the use of tobacco and the withdrawal of nicotine has muscle effects, including twitches associated with cigarette quitting. Muscarin acetylcholin receptors that cause smooth muscles to download to chemical muscarin, but not to nicotine.

diseases affecting Nicotine receptors ACH often lead to paralysis and loss of normal muscle tone. Some paralyzing neurotoxins also bind to nicotine acetylcholin receptors, but instead of activating these toxins completely block the receptors in the muscle signaling. This leaves the nerve unable to cause muscle contraction. Similarly, the autoimmune disease of Myasthenia Gravis destroys nicotine acetylcholin receptoryvyvyvyvyvyvy antibody against them and to create the goals of the immune system, causing serious muscle weakness.