What are the subclass of immunoglobulin G?

There are four subclass of immunoglobulin G, each of which is numbered in the body for their relative abundance. These molecules are an important part of the immune system. All immunoglobulin g molecules consist of four chains of amino acids associated with the central curtain in such a way that the three ends reach from the center. Only about 5% of their amino acids differ, and these are differences in the hinge connecting four chains that are responsible for the structural and functional differences between them. This molecule accounts for more than half of the total immunoglobulin G in the human body and more than a quarter of the amount of immunoglobulin of any class. It is able to quickly and easily bind to foreign proteins, making it an effective antibody. Immunoglobulin G1 is also easy to cross the placental barrier, which is helpful in creating a temporary immune system in a newborn.

Immunoglobulin G2 is the second most abundantThe subclass of immunoglobulin G. It is the smallest of these types of antibodies and also the most unfavorable, because there are more connections in the molecule. Although it is significantly more abundant than the subclass G3 or G4, this antibody will cause the smallest damage to the antigens. Although it is not as effective as other antibodies in its class, the short hinge length is less susceptible to damage to molecules that could damage it.

The G3 immunoglobulin hinge is by far the longest in all sub -class immunoglobulin G. This area of ​​the molecule contains 62 amino acids compared to 15 in the next longest hinge located in the immunoglobulin G1. The length of the hinge allows immunoglobulin G3 to quickly and effectively bind to antigens and eliminate. The other side is the length of the hinge also this subclass of immunoglobulin G most susceptible to damage to other molecules.

The least abundant subclass of immunoglobulin G is immunoglobulin G4. This antibody has the same size as the immunoglobulin G2 but lacks another chemickThe bonds that make immunoglobulin G2 particularly rigid. The most common antibody in this class is to respond to allergens, even if it can bind to viruses and bacteria.