What Factors Affect Calcitonin Levels?

Causes of elevated serum calcitonin levels

Increased serum calcitonin levels

Serum calcitonin is a hormone secreted by thyroid follicular cells. When it is elevated for some reason, it can increase the excretion of calcium by the kidneys and reduce the blood calcium concentration. Endemic goiter is a type of goiter. There were no obvious clinical symptoms in the early stage, and the thyroid was mild and moderately swollen, soft and no tenderness. Very few people with obvious swelling may experience compression symptoms, such as difficulty breathing, difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, and irritating cough. Posterior sternum goiter may have symptoms of esophageal or superior vena cava compression.

Affected area

whole body

Related diseases

Lung cancer, hypertension, osteoporosis, thyroid cancer, type 1 diabetes, endemic goiter, malignant hypertension, postmenopausal osteoporosis, elderly hypertension, osteoporosis in the elderly, thyroid cancer in the elderly, diabetes, and hypertension Essential hypertension

Affiliated Department

Department of Internal Medicine

Related symptoms

Atherosclerotic nausea liver metastasis hypertestosteremia hyperandrogenemia jaundice nodule loss of appetite wasting serum HDL-C levels decreased serum testosterone levels low serum testosterone levels significantly increased serum alkaline phosphatase can progressively increase serum calcium Dyslipidemia

Causes of elevated serum calcitonin levels

When the medullary thyroid carcinoma becomes cancerous, the patient's serum calcitonin concentration increases and blood calcium concentration decreases. Pregnant women and children have increased serum calcitonin levels due to bone growth, and women's serum calcitonin levels have decreased after menopause. Serum calcitonin levels can significantly increase during renal insufficiency and lung cancer, and can also be used as an indicator of the activity of malignant tumors such as lung cancer.

Examination and diagnosis of elevated serum calcitonin levels

Calcitonin is a thirty-two peptide containing one disulfide bond and has a molecular weight of 3,400. The concentration of calcitonin in normal human serum is 10-20ng / L, and the plasma half-life is less than 1h, which is mainly degraded and excreted in the kidney. The main role of calcitonin is to reduce blood calcium and blood phosphorus, and its main target organ is bone, which also has a certain effect on the kidney.

Elevated serum calcitonin levels are confusing symptoms

Low serum testosterone levels: The effects of hypogonadism and reduced testosterone levels on men's health have been controversial. Although studies have shown that high doses of testosterone or other exogenous androgen intake can be harmful to health, low serum testosterone levels may be predictive of increased mortality in older men. Low testosterone levels may actually be a risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis. Testosterone, also known as testosterone, testosterone or testosterone, is a steroid hormone that is secreted by the testes of men or the ovaries of women, and a small amount of testosterone is also secreted by the adrenal glands. It is the main male sex hormone and anabolic hormone. The amount of testosterone secreted by adult men is 20 times that of adult women. In the follicular phase of the normal women's menstrual cycle, the average serum testosterone concentration is 0.43ng / ml, and the upper limit is 0.68ng / ml.

Serum testosterone concentration is significantly increased: in the follicular phase of the normal menstrual cycle, the average serum testosterone concentration is 0.43ng / ml, and the upper limit is 0.68ng / ml. Testosteroneemia, or hyperandrogenemia. The ovaries and adrenal cortex can synthesize cholesterol from acetic acid, or absorb cholesterol from blood as a matrix, synthesize steroid hormones, and secrete them into the blood circulation. Androgen in blood circulation mainly includes dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), androstenedione (Delta; 4A), testosterone (T), and dihydrotestosterone (DHT), etc. . Hypertestosterone, which is the formation of these hormones, especially testosterone in the blood is too high.

Serum alkaline phosphatase can be progressively increased: liver metastases or liver disease of the cancer, serum alkaline phosphatase can be progressively increased, often exceeding 20 gold units, gamma; -glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma;- GT) may be positive. No significant changes in alanine aminotransferase and other liver functions. Most patients die in a short period of time. Appeared as loss of appetite, nausea, weight loss in the liver area? Sometimes jaundice may occur. The main features of the diagnosis are the progressive enlargement of the liver in a short period of time, the disappearance of normal contours, and the inconsistency of pliability with nodules. When the metastasis is larger than 2cm, it can be searched by ultrasound and can be detected by ultrasound and CT.

Decreased serum HDL-C level: Hyperlipidemia is a systemic disease, which means that blood cholesterol (TC) and / or triglyceride (TG) is too high or high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is too low, Modern medicine calls it dyslipidemia.

Prevention of elevated serum calcitonin levels

Prevention of endemic goiter disease may be effective in the prevention of this disease. Thyroid lobectomy is a reasonable surgical method and a clean surgical method. If the frozen section during the operation proves to be differentiated thyroid cancer, as long as the neck is not enlarged, it can be regularly followed up without causing iatrogenic spread of cancer cells. Adenomas that are clinically considered to be single but actually multiple can also be completely removed to avoid reoperation due to adenoma recurrence.