What Is a Hormone Receptor?
Hormone receptor: A protein that is located on the cell surface or inside a cell and binds to specific hormones and triggers physiological and biochemical reactions in the cell.
Hormone receptor
Right!
- Chinese name
- Hormone receptor
- Foreign name
- hormone receptor
- Location
- Cell surface or intracellular
- Function
- Binding specific hormone
- Hormone receptor: A protein that is located on the cell surface or inside a cell and binds to specific hormones and triggers physiological and biochemical reactions in the cell.
- Hormone receptor: A protein that is located on the cell surface or inside a cell and binds to specific hormones and triggers physiological and biochemical reactions in the cell.
- When hormones act on cells, like neurotransmitters, the first stage is to specifically bind to specific chemicals in the cells. This chemical is called a hormone receptor. According to the nature of the receptor, hormone receptors can be divided into two types. One is the receptor for steroid hormones, which is dissolved in the cytoplasm (there are cytoplasmic receptors and nuclear receptors, even cytoplasmic receptors play a role in the nucleus). Role, can be regarded as nuclear receptors); the other is the peptide hormone receptor, there is a cell membrane of the target cells of the peptide hormone, there is a site outside the membrane that binds to the hormone, is a complex protein difficult to dissolve in water, can Dissolved from the membrane by ethanol or surfactant. Peptide hormone receptors can be further divided into G protein-coupled receptors, ion channel receptors (potential-gated ion channels, second messenger-gated ion channels, ligand-gated ion channels), which have intrinsic enzymatic activity Receptors, and tyrosine protein kinase-related receptors. Each peptide hormone has its own unique receptor. The binding of hormone molecules to receptor molecules is a non-valent bond. In addition, it is called ergon reaction in thermodynamics and does not need to supply energy from the outside. The combined equilibrium constant is mostly 109M-1 to 1010M-1. The combination of hormone molecules and receptor molecules is activated by adenylate cyclase in the membrane whose mechanism is not very clear, which improves the synthesis of cAMP in the cell. This is the first of a series of hormone reactions in the cell. step. For this reason, there are still hypotheses of phospholipid action in the cell membrane, and the hypothesis that the protoplasmic membrane is recessed, which causes the hormone molecule to bind to the receptor and is directly incorporated into the cell to take effect.