What is the acrozom reaction?
When the sperm meets the egg, it must pass through the outer layer of eggs to fertilize. The sperm first connects to the egg, then releases enzymes that create a hole in an egg for sperm. Finally, the sperm's tail is driven through the hole. The acrosome reaction concerns the release of enzymes after the sperm connects to the egg.
The outer layer of the egg is called Zona Pellucida. This layer contains a certain type of carbohydrate molecule that protrudes and attachs to sperm. The sperm, as expected, also has molecules on its surface that attach to Zon PEllucida. The exact type of carbohydrate receptor varies in animal species, which is one of the reasons why different species usually cannot reproduce each other.
Sperm has a large head, a small body and a twisting tail. The large head contains most of useful parts, including genetic material that eventually creates half of the new child genes. The needle that holds on the outside of the egg. Surrounding the head of sperm is an outer layer, which contains a large group of enzymes called acro. Acrosin and hyaluronidase are examples of enzymes inside the sperm head.
After the sperm head connects to Zona Pellucida, the carbohydrate molecules that are held on it, they also break the outer layer of the sperm head. This releases the enzymes of the acrobe and breaks the outer layer of the egg again. This acrobe reaction gives sperm, now with a smaller head, a journey into the egg. Sperm tail drive also helps push the way in.
If the sperm successfully fertilizes eggs, eggs change to prevent other sperm insemination. Sperm trying to go through Zon PEllucida through an acrosome reaction. Zon Pellucid's carbohydrate receptors will also fall, which prevents the attachment of new sperm.
This is necessary because eggs that are fertilized with more than one semen cannot form a functional organism due to the presence of too large geneethical material. Normal acrobe reaction is necessary for fertilization in humans, because sperm without ashomal enzymes on the front of their heads cannot get into the egg. The lack of acro -nical enzymes is one of the potential causes of infertility in men and can be observed under a microscope.