What Is the Ascending Aorta?

According to the aorta running position and morphology, part of it is called ascending aorta. It originates from the left ventricle and is located between the pulmonary artery trunk and the superior vena cava. It moves from the front right to the upper right to the second thoracic rib joint to the aortic arch, and the left and right coronary arteries are emitted from the ascending aorta.

According to the aorta running position and morphology, part of it is called ascending aorta. It originates from the left ventricle and is located between the pulmonary artery trunk and the superior vena cava. It moves from the front right to the upper right to the second thoracic rib joint to the aortic arch, and the left and right coronary arteries are emitted from the ascending aorta.

Chinese name

Ascending aorta

Foreign name

ascending aorta

Types of

artery

Features

From the left ventricle

Anatomy of the ascending aorta

The ascending aorta starts from the left and right half of the sternum, flats the third thoracic articular surface, and starts from the left ventricle obliquely to the upper right front and continues to the right aortic arch near the second sternum. The ascending aorta is about 5 cm long and has an average outer diameter of 2.8 to 3.0 cm. It is surrounded by the pericardium with the pulmonary artery trunk. Three aortic sinuses (aorticsinus) are formed at the beginning of the ascending aorta, corresponding to the three aortic valves. At the intersection of the ascending aorta and the aortic arch, the diameter of the blood vessel increases, mainly because the right side wall of the artery protrudes outward, forming an aortic bulb. Here is the point of impact of blood flow, where the direction of blood flow is twisted 60 ° into the aortic arch. There is a superior vena cava on the right side of the ascending aorta. The pulmonary artery initially rises in front of the ascending aorta and gradually reaches its left side. To the rear of the ascending aorta are the right branch of the pulmonary artery, the right pulmonary vein, and the right main bronchus. In front of it there are remnants of adipose tissue and thymus. In the second intercostal space on the right, the anterior aorta is only obscured by the front edge of the right lung. Therefore, the aortic valve sound can be heard exactly here. The branches of the ascending aorta are left and right coronary arteries.

Ascending aorta ascending aorta dilatation

The pathological basis of aortic regurgitation can be divided into two categories, namely, aortic root expansion and / or aortic valve leaflet disease. The mechanism of aortic root expansion is generally considered to be related to aortic middle layer disease. The middle layer is the main supporting layer of the aorta. In addition to congenital developmental defects, atherosclerosis, hypertension, infection, trauma and other factors can make the middle elastic fibers become brittle and necrotic, and lose the tenacity and elasticity and cause the artery wall The injury eventually leads to the gradual expansion of the arteries. In elderly patients with degenerative valvular disease, the degree of aortic regurgitation may increase with age. If combined with hypertension, the mechanical stress on the valve is greater than that of ordinary people, which can accelerate the degenerative change of the valve and cause aortic expansion to cause or Aggravate aortic valve reflux. Echocardiography, especially transesophageal echocardiography, is of great value in diagnosing the disease and identifying underlying lesions.

Ascending aorta ascending aortic aneurysm

Is a benign lesion of the ascending aorta. The cause was atherosclerosis, trauma, infection, arterial necrosis, syphilis, and congenital malformations. Symptoms include chest and back pain, and aortic valve insufficiency occurs when the aortic valve is involved. Diagnosis can be confirmed by two-dimensional echocardiography, chest CT scan, and MR examination. Treatment principles are surgical resection and artificial blood vessel transplantation. When aortic insufficiency and coronary stenosis are complicated, aortic valve replacement or coronary artery bypass surgery should be performed at the same time.