What Is the External Jugular Vein?

The external jugular vein is the largest superficial cervical vein. The pipe diameter is about 0.6 cm on average. The posterior branch of the posterior mandibular vein and the posterior auricular vein usually converge near the angle of the mandible. Transverse the superficial surface of the sternocleidomastoid muscle obliquely downward to the posterior edge of the muscle, above the midpoint of the clavicle, and inject the deep fascia into the subclavian vein or internal jugular vein. There is a pair of valves in the lumen at the end of the external jugular vein, but the function is inadequate to prevent the return of blood. The position of the vein is superficial. Therefore, the external jugular vein is an important sign of impaired superior vena cava return or right heart failure. . This vein is also one of the common methods for puncture and catheterization in internal and surgical procedures for diagnosis and treatment. The superficial surface of the sternocleidomastoid muscle to the posterior margin of the sternocleidomastoid 6cm above the clavicle is the best place to puncture or cut the external jugular vein. There are a few people who inject the external jugular vein vertically into the subclavian vein, and this should be considered when intubating. The line from the mandibular angle to the midpoint of the clavicle is the body surface projection of the external jugular vein.

The external jugular vein is the largest superficial cervical vein. The pipe diameter is about 0.6 cm on average. The posterior branch of the posterior mandibular vein and the posterior auricular vein usually converge near the angle of the mandible. Transverse the superficial surface of the sternocleidomastoid muscle obliquely downward to the posterior edge of the muscle, above the midpoint of the clavicle, and inject the deep fascia into the subclavian vein or internal jugular vein. There is a pair of valves in the lumen at the end of the external jugular vein, but the function is inadequate to prevent the return of blood. The position of the vein is superficial. Therefore, the external jugular vein is an important sign of impaired superior vena cava return or right heart failure . This vein is also one of the common methods for puncture and catheterization in internal and surgical procedures for diagnosis and treatment. The superficial surface of the sternocleidomastoid muscle to the posterior margin of the sternocleidomastoid 6cm above the clavicle is the best place to puncture or cut the external jugular vein. There are a few people who inject the external jugular vein vertically into the subclavian vein, and this should be considered when intubating. The line from the mandibular angle to the midpoint of the clavicle is the body surface projection of the external jugular vein.

Chinese name

External jugular vein

Definition

Is the largest superficial vein in the neck

Function

Is a common site for pediatric venipuncture

Get sick

External jugular vein dilatation

Jugular vein

Venous blood vessels that transport blood from the body's head and neck back to the heart. There are two jugular veins on both sides of the neck: the larger one is the internal vein and the smaller is the external vein.

External jugular jugular bulboma

Also known as carotid body tumors, chemoreceptor tumors, and non-pheochromaffic paraganglioma, they occur in the jugular bulb or near the tympanic branch of the hyoidopharyngeal nerve, and are located under and near the middle ear bone plate. They are rare.

Tumors range from soybeans to pigeon egg size. Round or oval, looks like a hemangioma, has a complete envelope, is solid and brittle, the cut surface is red, brown-red, and those with particularly rich blood vessels are purple-brown, often with old or fresh bleeding lesions. Microscopic examination shows tumor tissue Similar to the normal carotid body, the epidermis-like cells (main cells) form a nest or a cord-like structure. The nests are rich in capillary stroma, and the stroma blood vessels can expand into sinus-like structures.

Symptoms are repeated bleeding from the affected ear canal, accompanied by tinnitus and progressive deafness. Ear pains, facial paralysis, trigeminal nerves, and abductor nerve damage may occur in the later stages. When the tumor is located near the cervical foramen, there are symptoms of posterior cranial nerve damage such as hoarseness, eating cough, soft palate paralysis on the affected side, and disappearance of pharyngeal reflex. If it invades the middle cranial fossa or posterior cranial fossa, it may have symptoms such as the temporal lobe, cerebellum, and brainstem. Increased intracranial pressure may occur in the later stage, and tumors can be seen in the ear canal or upper neck. Vascular noise can often be heard behind the temporal ear and neck. The skull X-ray showed abnormal enlargement and erosion of the bone cavity and bone plate of the middle ear cavity, the middle cranial fossa. The tumor is limited. Those in the ear can be removed by otological surgery, and those with cranial nerve damage can be removed by cooperation of otology and neurosurgery. When extensive lesions cannot be completely removed, radiotherapy is feasible. The prognosis of patients with complete tumor resection is good, and those with extensive invasion of dura mater and intracranial structure have poor prognosis.