What Is the Hilum of the Lung?

The hilum is located in the depression above the pulmonary mediastinal heart pressure. Corresponds to the 2nd to 4th anterior ribs, which are the entrances and exits of the bronchus, blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels. At the hilum, the pulmonary veins are placed forward, the bronchi are behind, and the pulmonary artery is in the middle. There are several lymph nodes in the hilum. There is an esophageal pressure mark behind the right lung hilum and an odd vein groove above. There are aortic arch and thoracic aortic pressure marks above and behind the left lung hilum. In addition, the entrances and exits of the lung root structures are also clinically referred to as the first hilum. The lobar bronchus and its accompanying lobe arteries, veins, and lymphatic vessels enter and exit the lobe as the second hilum. The tertiary bronchus (bronchi of the lung segment) and its accompanying blood vessels and nerves are called the third hilum.

The hilum is located in the depression above the pulmonary mediastinal heart pressure. Corresponds to the 2nd to 4th anterior ribs, which are the entrances and exits of the bronchus, blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels. At the hilum, the pulmonary veins are placed forward, the bronchi are behind, and the pulmonary artery is in the middle. There are several lymph nodes in the hilum. There is an esophageal pressure mark behind the right lung hilum and an odd vein groove above. There are aortic arch and thoracic aortic pressure marks above and behind the left lung hilum. In addition, the entrances and exits of the lung root structures are also clinically referred to as the first hilum. The lobar bronchus and its accompanying lobe arteries, veins, and lymphatic vessels enter and exit the lobe as the second hilum. The tertiary bronchus (bronchi of the lung segment) and its accompanying blood vessels and nerves are called the third hilum.

Chinese name

Hilum

Definition

Medial side of lung close to mediastinum and spine

Definition

Hilar shadow

Location

Midfield

Anatomy of the hilum:

The major branches of the pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein are the main components, especially the pulmonary artery. On the orthophoto, the hilum is located in the midfield of both lungs. The left hilum is usually 1 to 2 cm higher than the right. The left and right hilum can be divided into upper and lower parts. The upper part of the right hilum is composed of the upper pulmonary vein trunk, the upper pulmonary artery, and the lower pulmonary artery trunk, and its outer edge is formed by the lower posterior vein trunk of the upper pulmonary vein; Set against a clear outline, the width of the right lower pulmonary artery trunk in normal adults does not exceed 15mm. The obtuse angle formed by the intersection of the upper and lower parts is called the right hilar angle. The left hilum is mainly composed of the branches of the left pulmonary artery and the upper pulmonary vein, and the upper part is formed by the left pulmonary artery arch. The lower part consists of the left lower pulmonary artery and its branches, mostly covered by heart shadows. In the lateral position, most of the hilars on both sides overlap, and the right hilar is slightly forward, like a comma with a long tail. The leading edge is the upper pulmonary vein trunk. Pulmonary artery stem composition. The interpretation of "Local Anatomy" is: the hilum is a depression in the middle of the mediastinum of the two lungs, also known as the first hilum, with the main bronchi, pulmonary arteries, bronchial blood vessels, lymphatics, and pulmonary plexus entering and exiting. The branches, branches, and branches of the lobes and pulmonary vessels of each lung lobe enter and exit the lung lobe, which is called the second hilum.

Index of hilum and lung root shadow:

(1) The bilateral pulmonary arteries and the left and right main bronchus are the main components of the lung root shadow of the chest radiograph.

(2) The projection of the pulmonary artery on each side is the center of the lung root shadow on each side. The center point of the lateral chest radiograph is the sectional projection of the left main bronchus, and the projection of the bilateral pulmonary arteries surrounds this small transparent circle shadow.

(3) The left lung root shadow in adults is always higher than the right lung root shadow. But not in children. The lung root shadow gradually grows from newborn to old age; the right lung root shadow is larger than the left, which is completely consistent with the anatomy; the values of the lung root shadow are smaller in women than men.

(4) The highest density of the lung root shadow of the orthothoracic chest radiograph is the projection of the left pulmonary artery in the upper part of the left lung root. Because its direction is consistent with the X-ray, a dense round shadow is formed. According to the same principle, the projection of the right pulmonary artery on the lateral chest radiograph is also the highest density area of the lateral lung root shadow.

(5) Since CT and MRI have entered the field of modern radiology, they will make different sections and different orientations of lung root shadows. The high-resolution analysis and identification will dwarf the discussion of lung root shadows on plain films.