What Is the Nasopharynx?

The nasopharynx refers to the part above the plane of the sails, through the nasal cavity forward through the nostril. On the side wall directly behind the inferior turbinate, there is an eustachian tube pharyngeal opening that leads to the middle ear tympanum. There are curved bulges before, above, and behind the eustachian tube of the eustachian tube, which are called tubal torus. The deep deep socket between the back of the Eustachian tube pillow and the posterior pharyngeal wall, called the pharyngeal recess, is a common site for nasopharyngeal cancer. There is abundant lymphoid tissue in the mucous membrane of the upper wall of the nasopharynx, called pharyngeal tonsil, which is more developed in childhood. After 6 to 7 years of age, it begins to shrink and almost completely degenerate after 10 years of age.

The nasopharynx refers to the part above the plane of the sails, through the nasal cavity forward through the nostril. On the side wall directly behind the inferior turbinate, there is an eustachian tube pharyngeal opening that leads to the middle ear tympanum. There are arc-shaped bulges before, above, and behind the eustachian tube of the eustachian tube, which are called tubal torus. The deep deep socket between the back of the Eustachian tube pillow and the posterior pharyngeal wall, called the pharyngeal recess, is a common site for nasopharyngeal cancer. There is abundant lymphoid tissue in the mucosa of the upper wall of the nasopharynx, called pharyngeal tonsil, which is more developed in early childhood. After 6 to 7 years of age, it begins to shrink and almost completely degenerate after 10 years of age.

The eustachian tube pharyngeal orifice is approximately 1 cm behind the back of the inferior turbinate on the two side walls of the nasopharynx. When the Eustachian tube is open (such as swallowing or yawning), air enters the tympanic cavity through the throat of the Eustachian tube to maintain air pressure balance on both sides of the eardrum. When the throat is infected, bacteria spread to the middle ear through the eustachian tube, causing otitis media. In children, the eustachian tube is short and wide, and the eustachian tube and the eustachian tube tympanic cavity are at the same height, so children with acute otitis media are far more than adults.

The posterior outer 1/3 of the Eustachian tube is the bone of the Eustachian tube, and the anterior two thirds of the Eustachian tube is the Eustachian tube cartilage. Tubular torns, which are signs of the eustachian tube. The lymphatic tissue in the mucosa near the eustachian tube of the eustachian tube is called the eustachian tonsil ubal tonsil. There is a depression between the back of the Eustachian tube round pillow and the posterior pharyngeal wall, called the pharyngeal recess, which is a common site for nasopharyngeal cancer.

Chinese name

Nasopharynx

Foreign name

nasopharynx

Meaning

Above the sail plane

Shape

Approximate cube

Pinyin

Bi Yan

Nasopharyngeal nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a malignant tumor that occurs in the top and side walls of the nasopharynx. It is one of the most frequently-occurring malignant tumors in China. Common clinical symptoms are nasal congestion, blood in the snot, blocked ears, hearing loss, diplopia and headache. Most nasopharyngeal carcinomas have moderate sensitivity to radiation therapy, and radiation therapy is the first choice for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, in cases of highly differentiated cancers with a late course and recurrence after radiotherapy, surgical resection and chemotherapy are also indispensable.

Primary cancer

(1) Hemorrhage and nosebleeds (2) Ear symptoms (3) Nasal symptoms (4) Headaches (5) Ocular symptoms (6) Cerebral nerve damage symptoms (7) Cervical lymph node metastases (8) Distant metastases ( 9) cachexia

2. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma with dermatomyositis

Dermatomyositis is a serious connective tissue disease. The relationship between malignant tumors and dermatomyositis is not clear, but the incidence of malignant tumors in patients with dermatomyositis is at least five times higher than that in normal people. Therefore, patients with dermatomyositis need to undergo a careful whole body examination to find hidden malignant tumors.

3. Recessive nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Swollen lymph nodes in the neck have been confirmed as metastatic cancer by pathological sectioning. However, multiple examinations or biopsies of each suspicious site have not found the primary cancer lesions, which are called hidden cancer of the head and neck (the primary tumors are located in the chest, abdomen or Pelvic patients do not fall into this category).

New advances in the treatment of nasopharyngeal nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is one of the common tumors in China, especially in South China. Its etiology, epidemiology, clinical features and treatment strategies are clearly different from other head and neck tumors. In recent years, advances in radiotherapy technology and advances in comprehensive treatment have improved the efficacy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

The treatment of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma is full of hope and challenge: IMRT improves the local control rate and overall survival rate and reduces the damage of surrounding tissues. At the same time, chemotherapy has become the standard treatment mode, and the initial effect of induction chemotherapy is seen. There are no obvious benefits; however, the following questions still need to be solved urgently: first, whether concurrent chemotherapy is still needed after the application of IMRT; second, what is the exact status of induction chemotherapy in comprehensive treatment; third, whether the role of adjuvant chemotherapy can be completely denied, PF Whether adjuvant chemotherapy other than the regimen and the use of adjuvant chemotherapy in high-risk patients after screening are effective; Fourth, targeted therapy and individualized treatment have not yet achieved significant treatment benefits in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.