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Early pregnancy response refers to the increase in chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), decreased gastric acid secretion, and prolonged gastric emptying time in the early pregnancy (about six weeks after menopause), leading to dizziness, fatigue, loss of appetite, acidic food or aversion to oiliness , Nausea, morning vomiting and a series of reactions. These symptoms generally do not require special treatment. After the 12th week of pregnancy, as the HCG level in the body decreases, the symptoms usually disappear and the appetite returns to normal.

Basic Information

English name: morning sickness
Visiting department: Obstetrics and Gynecology

Common causes: Unknown, related to hormonal and mental disorders
Common symptoms: Greasy, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, weakness, loss of appetite, etc.
Contagious: no

Causes of early pregnancy response

The etiology of hyperemesis gravidarum is unknown so far, and may be mainly related to the hormonal mechanism of the body and the imbalance of mental state. The effect of hormones refers to the highest levels of HCG in the body when vomiting is most severe in early pregnancy. The blood HCG concentration in patients with twin pregnancy or blister-like masses is significantly increased, and the occurrence of hyperemesis significantly increased, suggesting that the disease and HCG Close relationship. In addition, if the adrenal cortex is low, the secretion of corticosteroids is insufficient, which causes water and sugar metabolism in the body to be disordered, and gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and vomiting. And when treated with corticotropin (ACTH) or corticosteroids, symptoms can be significantly improved. Therefore, it is believed that the decrease in adrenal function is also related to hyperemesis gravidarum. Some people think that vitamin B ₆ deficiency may also be one of the causes. In any case, psychic factors have a greater relationship with the occurrence of hyperemesis gravidarum, especially when pregnant women have a fear of pregnancy or become bored, which can cause vomiting to worsen. Those with severe history of dysmenorrhea have increased vomiting during pregnancy.

Clinical manifestations of early pregnancy response

Stop menstruation

As long as it is a woman of normal reproductive age, her menstruation is normal, and it is more than two weeks after normal sexual intercourse, she may be pregnant.

2. breast tingling, swelling and itching

This is a physiological phenomenon in early pregnancy. There may be changes such as darker areolas, breast subcutaneous veins, and prominent nipples.

3. Nausea and vomiting

Many pregnant women in the first trimester often have nausea and vomiting, especially in the morning. These symptoms also vary from person to person, some are mild and some are severe.

4. Skin color changes

May cause skin pigmentation or stretch marks on the abdominal wall, especially in the later stages of pregnancy.

5. Discoloration of vaginal mucosa

At the beginning of pregnancy, the vaginal mucosa may appear darker due to congestion.

6. Easily tired

Tired early in pregnancy and often want to sleep.

7. Frequent urination

In the third month of pregnancy, because the bladder is oppressed by the expanding uterus, the bladder's capacity becomes smaller, and frequent urination occurs.

Early pregnancy response test

Diagnosis is based on medical history, clinical manifestations, and gynecological examinations. HCG measurement can confirm the diagnosis of early pregnancy. Symptoms are severe, and ketones in the urine can be diagnosed as hyperemesis gravidarum. Note the identification of digestive disorders with pregnancy.

Early pregnancy response treatment

1. Mild pregnancy vomiting

Generally, no special treatment is needed, but it is necessary to understand whether the patient has thought concerns about pregnancy, pay attention to his mental state, and give more spiritual encouragement. Foods that are easy to digest should be given according to the patient's preferences and eaten in portions to avoid high-fat foods. Vitamins B ₁ , B ₆ , C and small doses of sedatives have some effect on general symptoms.

2. Severe vomiting or dehydration and keturia

Hospitalization is required. Fasting should be performed within 24 hours of hospitalization. Intravenous infusion of 5% to 10% glucose solution and Ringer's solution, but it should be increased or decreased according to the patient's weight. In addition, the dosage of electrolyte supplement needs to be determined according to the blood potassium and sodium measured by the laboratory. Those with severe anemia or poor nutrition can also transfusion or intravenous drip essential amino acids to supplement energy. During the treatment period, serum electrolytes and CO ₂ -CP must be tested regularly in order to observe the treatment effect. Generally after 24 to 48 hours of treatment, the urine output increases and the symptoms ease. At the same time, a small amount of liquid food should be gradually started, and then the intravenous fluid can be gradually stopped. In a few cases when conservative treatment is ineffective, adrenal corticosteroids and hydrocortisone can be added, and 5% glucose intravenous drip can be added, which often can get good results.

3. Those who are still ineffective after active treatment

In the following cases, therapeutic abortion should be given. persistent jaundice; continued proteinuria; polyneuritis and neurological signs; bed temperature in the case of continuous temperature above 38 , heart rate above 110; accompanied by mental symptoms.

Early pregnancy response prevention

Should start from the following three aspects: First, keep your mood relaxed and happy. Morning sickness is just an instinctive response of the body's self-protection. If handled properly, it can be reduced as much as possible without adversely affecting the fetus. Second, the diet should be formulated reasonably. The diet of pregnant women should be based on the principles of rich nutrition, light and delicious, and easy digestion. In terms of taste, you don't have to be too taboo, you can take care of pregnant women's eating habits and hobbies as much as possible. Alcohol should be absolutely prohibited. Third, proper exercise can also help reduce morning sickness. Pregnant women should never stay in bed all day because of nausea and vomiting.