What is Prosencephalon?
In the anatomy of the brain is a prosencephalon, also known as the anterior brain, a large set of structures consisting of diagnosis and telecomephalone. Diancephalon structures include thalamus, hypothalamus and other nuclei of gray matter or neurons near the third chamber, filled with liquid. Telencephalone concerns the cortex, the largest area of the brain, along with projections of white matter and support cells and basal ganglia.
During development, the brain is initially formed as three regions and later develops five. These development regions consist of prosencephalon, mesencephalon or midbrain and rhombic or hindbrinal. Even during this period, Prosencephalone manages key functions such as emotional display, feeding, sleep and body temperature. Only later this area is separated into two different structures in higher mammals.
In humans and other higher mammals, there are many features regulated by Prosencephalon. Cerebrum is involved in the processing of most types of sensory information, as well asCoordination and engine functions. Equally important for people plays a role in higher order processes, such as decision -making, memory, speech and understanding.
In Diancephalon, several other critical processes are mediated. The Thalam neurons receive incoming sensory signals and are directed to the respective areas in the cortex. The nearby hypothalamus releases hormones that regulate sexual behavior, and regulates automatic processes such as hunger, thirst and circadian rhythms affecting sleep. There are also glands such as pituitary and pineal, where they help in growth and homeostasis functions.
Proper development of prosencephalon requires the presence of chemical signals released in suitable times. First, nervous stem cells begin to evolve in a small area called Neurax. Cells on the front side of Neuraxe secrete proteins that stimulate differentiation between front cells and back cellsm end Neuraxe. The anterior cells evolve into the prosencephalon and the rear cells will eventually become part of Midbrain and Hindbrain.
After this initial division between front and rear, there is further activation of signaling proteins. Cells on the dividing limit between the nerve and non -ural tissue on the front of the front, such as a network of proteins called WNT. These signals cause growth and differentiation of different tissues of prosencephalon. Shortly thereafter, the telecomephalone and diancephalon tissue are formed, but still forms the only structure. Other proteins help this area of the brain to develop properly along the back of the ventral lines and distinguish between discrete structures.