What Is the Rhomboid Major?

The Porter diamond theory, also known as the Michael Porter diamond model, diamond theory, and the theory of national competitive advantage, was developed by Harvard Business School's famous strategic management scientist Michael Porter in 1990 for analysis. How does a country form an overall advantage and thus has a strong international competitiveness.

Porter diamond theory

The analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of engaging in trade between countries and the development of the theory of international trade has more than 400 years of history, and the theory is also divergent

Take Haimen Dieshiqiao Home Textile Industrial Cluster as an example

Background of Haimen Home Textile Industry Cluster The home textile industry of Haimen City is mainly distributed in Samsung, Desheng, Tianbu, Sanhe, Haimen and other towns and towns, and is formed by the Dieshiqiao International Home Textile City. Dieshiqiao is located at the junction of Haimen and Tongzhou. The local people have a history of engaged in home textile production. After the reform and opening up, the development of Dieshiqiao home textile industry has entered the fast lane. The variety of home textiles ranges from small to many, production enterprises from weak to strong, business scale from small to large, production equipment from backward to advanced, and radiant surface from narrow. To Kuan, a pattern of large-scale production, socialization of labor division, intelligent equipment, serialization of products, and international marketing has been formed. The Haimen City Government has invested more than 1 billion yuan. After six expansions and transformations of the market, Dieshiqiao has formed four major operating areas, including Embroidery City, Home Textile City, Trade City, and Famous Brand Plaza. This boutique store has a business area of over 300,000 square meters and a daily flow of 30,000 people, and has formed a logistics center, a research and development center, an information center, and a restaurant and entertainment industry. Driven by the Dieshiqiao market, the people engaged in the home textile industry cover more than 10 towns and villages in three surrounding counties and cities, with a population of more than 200,000. The products produced include quilts, covers, sheets, curtains, quilts, mats, tents, etc., not only Best-selling in the country, but also exported to more than 30 countries and regions. In 2005, the Dieshiqiao home textile market realized a turnover of RMB 100 billion, becoming the largest, most complete, highest trading volume, and most promising market in the same industry in the country.

Competitive Analysis

Using Porter's "diamond" model theory to analyze the competitiveness of Haimen's home textile industry cluster.

1. Factor conditions. Porter believes that production factors can be classified into five categories: human resources, natural resources, knowledge resources, capital resources, and infrastructure. These production factors are generally mixed, but the degree of dependence of each industry on it depends on the nature of the industry. . The production factors of the Haimen Home Textile Industrial Cluster are manifested in the following aspects:

(1) Capital resources. The strong attraction of the Dieshiqiao home textile market and the agglomeration effect of the industry have attracted global home textile companies to develop in Haimen. In this magical hot land, the country's best corporate groups and high-quality professionals have been brought together to become China's largest and top three home textile distribution center in the world. In the Samsung town where Dieshiqiao International Home Textile City is located, an 2.8 square kilometers industrial park has been established. There are 194 enterprises entering the zone, with a total investment of 3.5 billion yuan, of which 103 enterprises have an output value exceeding 10 million yuan, and 10 enterprises exceed 100 million yuan. Funds from Zhejiang, Shanghai, Guangdong and other places, as well as foreign capital from more than 20 countries in the United States, Europe, Africa, Asia and other continents, have crowded in, vying for development opportunities. In the city of Haimen, Sanhe, Tianbu, Desheng and other towns close to the Dieshiqiao home textile market, foreign capital has also flowed in, and Haimen's overall utilization of foreign capital in 2005 ranked first in Central Jiangsu and Northern Jiangsu, surpassing Taicang and Yixing. Sunan's established brand attracts strong foreign capital.

(2) Infrastructure. In order to create a first-class market, Haimen City has vigorously implemented the infrastructure construction of the Dieshiqiao Home Textile Market. The city has invested nearly 100 million yuan to build and improve supporting facilities in the market, expand more than 4,000 square meters of parking lots, and continuously optimize supporting functions in the market. Effectively enhance the market's supporting service functions. The catering, entertainment, and leisure streets have basically formed; financial services, product research and development, machinery maintenance, textile and textile machinery trading, color printing and packaging, intermediary services, information consulting, legal aid, and commercial circulation and other supporting services are relatively complete. Big markets need big logistics. The city invested 200 million yuan to build a 200-mu logistic park, with 53 operating lines covering more than 300 cities and regions in the country, and can be transported to South Africa, Romania, Argentina, etc. via nearby airports and ports. Dozens of countries and regions. In 2005, the logistics center's cargo transportation volume exceeded 2 million pieces, with a total value of 7 billion yuan. At the same time, the export supply reached RMB 100 billion. The established Dieshiqiao International Home Textile City Information Center has smoothed the flow of personnel, goods, funds and other information to every detail, and can provide various types of information consultation at any time. Each store has closed-circuit television, broadband and telephone, etc. The latest concept of future market development.

2. Demand status. In order to meet the different needs of consumers in the market, embroidery products are available in high, medium and low grades, with flexible trading methods, cash and spot orders. In the boutique city, famous brands from the Mainland are gathered, including Wish, Tianfa, Yinjiong, Kaidi, Mei Luo, Dini Shi, Jufeng, Kaisheng, etc.20 Several famous mainland brands. The market has established a solid sales website in more than 200 cities in the Mainland. At least 3 million bedspreads and 9 million quilts are sold every year in major and middle cities in the Mainland. At the same time, the products are also exported to Russia, Australia, South Korea, Romania, Hungary, South Africa, Chile, Argentina and more than 20 countries and regions. The market has also established trade relations with more than 20 countries and regions. More than 300 people in the town have gone abroad and registered and founded more than 200 overseas companies and enterprises. The daily flow of embroidery city has reached 30,000 person-times, and the annual turnover is more than 3 billion yuan. It is the largest professional embroidery market in the country. Has been firmly seated in the national embroidery professional market "Boss".

3. Related and supportive industries. After several generations of efforts, Dieshiqiao home textile industry entered a period of prosperity. Dieshiqiao has become the national production base, sales place and logistics center of textile products, mainly reflected in the following aspects: Production scale. In Sanxing Town, where Dieshiqiao is located alone, there are 150 home textile industrial enterprises and 3,078 individual processing households, of which 60 are large-scale enterprises and 3 billion yuan enterprises, plus the surrounding township home textile industrial enterprises, which totals over 1,000. Socialization of division of labor. From raw material procurement, production, processing to product sales, a professional division of labor has been formed. Even in production and processing, one household only performs one of the procedures. Intelligent equipment. Home textile products such as pillowcases and bedspreads were first embroidered by hand, and then embroidered on sewing machines. Since the 1990s, electric embroidery machines have been widely used for embroidery. Has been moving towards computerization and automation. Dieshiqiao Home Textile Industry has more than 8,000 computerized embroidery machines, more than 3,000 computerized multi-needle sewing machines, more than 25,000 industrial sewing machines, 35 production lines of rubber-coated cotton, and more than 2,800 other related equipment. yuan. Product serialization. At first, the home textile industry of Dieshiqiao mainly produced home appliances such as pillow cases and TV sets. Later, bedspreads, curtains, quilts, sofa cushions and backrests were developed. Its home textile products not only have many varieties, but also have high quality. There are more than 200 varieties, which can meet the needs of consumers in different countries, different regions, different nationalities and different consumption levels.

As Haimen's home textile industry continues to grow bigger and stronger, business opportunities continue to expand, and the home textile industry chain continues to grow, forming a home textile-led industry as the center, which integrates textile, research and development, processing, machinery, packaging and sales. Characteristic industry chain. Today, Dieshiqiao has specialized manufacturers for small needles, a bunch of threads, and hundreds of thousands of home textile production machinery. The largest demand for home textile production is cloth and fillers. As a result, Tianlong Printing and Dyeing, Jinxue Chemical and other companies have emerged as the times require.

4. Enterprise strategy, structure and industry competition.

5. Opportunity.

6. The role of government. Industrial clusters are the inherent law of industrial development, so it cannot be formed by government intervention, but the government can correctly guide industrial clusters through effective measures. The rapid development of Haimen's home textile industry has benefited to some extent from the government's tilt and support for industrial policies that began in the early 1990s. It is mainly reflected in the following areas: each booth in Dieshiqiao Embroidery City covers an area of 1.2 meters, the annual rent is 4,000 yuan, one boutique house (area 20-30 square meters), and the annual rent is 200,000 yuan . Locals welcome customers at home and abroad to invest and operate. Business households are exempt from income tax for the first year and reduced for the second year. Business management fees are exempted for the first year and halved in the second year. Provide preferential policies such as advertising on the market's cable broadcast and electronic display screens for business users. In addition, for overseas investors, companies with an actual investment of more than one million US dollars will reward investors with 400 square meters of land for villa construction; companies with an actual investment of more than two million US dollars will reward investors with a set of villas; actual Enterprises with an investment of more than three million US dollars will reward investors with one business building in the center of Dieshiqiao; enterprises with actual investment of more than four million US dollars will give priority to a piece of commercial land for investor development.

7. Industrial planning. Relying on the "Embroidery City", Samsung Town Party Committee and Town Government continued to forge ahead, and finally embarked on a new path of "one industry, two industrializations, and one-size-fits-all development." Under the leadership of the Samsung Town Party Committee, Haimen Dieshiqiao Embroidery City will unswervingly implement a market-driven strategy, in accordance with "City" (Embroidery City), "Street" (Farmer Street), "District" (Industrial and Trade Zone), The Band (Embroidery Economic Belt) is an integrated master plan, and we work hard to form a large market structure where the three cities of Embroidery City, Trade City and Consignment City stand on top of each other. Invested more than 9 million yuan to build an embroidery city, boutique building, and famous square of 6080 square meters; invested 10.5 million yuan to build a consignment city covering an area of 17 acres, and set up 26 consignment stations, which can quickly make Samsung embroidery Consignment to major cities in the country.

Good prospects

With the development of free trade between China s textile products and WTO members, Dieshiqiao Home Textiles has seized the opportunity to take advantage of the momentum and is expected to build Dieshiqiao into a research and development center for China s textile industry by 2010. Massive expansion. It is planned that by 2010, the trading volume of Dieshiqiao market will reach 50 billion yuan, the trading volume of Dieshiqiao region will reach 80 billion yuan, the number of home textile production enterprises will reach 3000, the number of employees will reach 500,000, and the international trade volume will reach 20 billion yuan. , Forming a pattern of domestic and international markets flying together. The quality has been greatly improved. In 2010, Dieshiqiao Home Textile Industry will form 315 national well-known trademarks and 8-10 national famous products to create international brands. There were 100 companies with annual sales exceeding 100 million yuan, and 213 companies with annual sales exceeding 1 billion yuan. Supporting all-round improvement. External conditions are maturing. The Ningqi Expressway was opened to traffic and the Sutong Bridge was completed. The construction of the Shanghai-Chongqing-Sutong Passage, the Chonghai Bridge and the Shanghai-Tongguan Railway and the Ningqi Expressway Dieshi Bridge began to be constructed one after the other. The internal environment is also more superior. The construction of Dieshiqiao International Home Textile City Phase III project and home textiles international logistics center will make Dieshiqiao the largest home textile distribution center in the world with the best supporting facilities and the best service quality.