What Is the Seminal Vesicle?

The seminal vesicle is also called the seminal vesicle gland. It is a long oval-shaped sac-like organ. It is located behind the base of the bladder. End synthetic ejaculation tube. The fluid secreted by the seminal vesicles forms part of the semen.

Seminal vesicle

Seminal vesicle

The adult seminal vesicle gland is a tortuous gland sac or gland duct, which is about 10-15 cm in length and about 2 cm in width, and communicates with the vas deferens only below the ampulla. Each gland is curved and has many irregular pits. The joints of each bend are connected by connective tissue. If you want to dissect the seminal vesicle glands to see the whole picture, you must cut this layer of connective tissue. The seminal vesicle glands on each side are made of a tube with a length of about 15cm. If a complete gland is made into a cross-section, it will be cut at several points of the seminal vesicle gland at the same time, so you can see several cross-sectioned glands at the same time, each section is like a separate tube. The proximal end of the tube tapers into the vas deferens to form a vas deferens, which then passes through the prostate and opens into the prostate urethra.

The seminal vesicle glands are composed of the mucosa (epithelium and lamina propria), the muscular layer, and the adventitia. The mucosa of the glands protrudes from a special series of folds, either pseudostratified columnar epithelium or a single layer of columnar epithelium. Epithelial morphology varies significantly depending on the age and hormonal status of the individual. Mucosal folds can have secondary and tertiary branches that protrude into the cavity and often merge with each other. As a result, many different-sized cavities are formed, separated by folds of the branches, making the mucosa honeycomb. There are no real acinar cells in the mucous membrane. There are only small dimples or cavities between the folds. These cavities and dimples open into the large central cavity, but on the cut surface, these cavities and dimples look like each other Separated. Mucosal folds enlarge the secretory area and facilitate the storage of secretions and the expansion of the glands. The seminal vesicle glands have several cavities, and the deep folds make the outline of the glandular cavities irregular.

The epithelium consists of a layer of discontinuous, approximately circular basal cells and a surface of cubic or short columnar cells. Basal cells contain a pair of centrioles on the nucleus, and the inner centrioles in the surface cells are close to the cell surface and produce central flagella. Surface cells contain many granules and clumps of lipofuscin, which begins to appear during adolescence. Similar pigments are also seen in smooth muscle cells and connective tissue of the seminal vesicle glands. Superficial cells

1. Absence of seminal vesicles.

In general, congenital absence of the seminal vesicle does not appear alone, and it is often combined with the absence of the vas deferens or the ectopic opening of the vas deferens. The absence of bilateral seminal vesicles is infertile, and the clinical manifestations of unilateral seminal vesicles are complex and changeable, which requires detailed examination to determine, but infertility may not be ruled out.

2. Seminal cysts.

Seminal cysts can cause infertility. Chronic seminal cysts cause atrophy of the seminal vesicles, severe decline in function, and reduced fertility. Some patients also have chronic epididymitis, which affects sperm output. Difficulty of urination is caused by the cysts compressing the bladder neck and posterior urethra. The degree of dysuria is related to the size and location of the cysts. There have been domestic reports of 9.1% of dysuria caused by seminal cysts and 6.8% of infertility.

3 Seminal vesiculitis

Seminal vesiculitis easily causes male infertility, which is mainly manifested in the following aspects:

Changes in composition: The seminal plasma should contain a certain amount of nutrients to support sperm and help sperm activity, and also contains traces of acidic materials such as lactic acid. Once the seminal vesicles become inflamed, bacteria will be trapped in the seminal plasma, lactic acid will increase the toxins and metabolites of the bacteria, and they will be excreted in the seminal plasma. The bacteria will swallow the nutrients in the seminal plasma and rob oxygen. Reduce fertility.

Reduced pH: Normal seminal plasma pH is 7.2-8.9, sperm can move freely in this environment. In seminal vesicular adenitis, acidic substances can increase and cause sperm dysfunction.

Increased viscosity: When suffering from seminal vesiculitis, there are bacteria in the seminal plasma, a large number of white blood cells, and even pus. Viscosity will increase suddenly, causing semen to be difficult to liquefy, and sperm viability will decrease, which is related to lower liquefaction enzymes.

Abnormal quantity: During seminal vesicle inflammation, the secretion of seminal plasma is greatly reduced, which is not conducive to the survival of sperm. The amount of seminal plasma sometimes increases, so that the number of spermatozoa per unit volume is reduced, and dilution of sperm will also affect fertility.