How Does the Sense of Sight Work?

The effect of providing the audience with pictures of life intuitively, vividly, and vividly, thereby making the audience concise and convenient to produce aesthetic imagination, is called the visual effect.

Visual effect

This kind of life picture is provided to the audience intuitively, vividly and vividly, so that the audience can concisely and conveniently produce the effect of aesthetic imagination.

The founder of the American Morgan Consortium, Morgan, was not rich before, and the couple lived on selling eggs. But the tall and strong Morgan sold eggs far less than his skinny wife. Then he finally figured out what was going on. It turned out that when he held the egg with his palm to sell it, because the palm was too big, people's eyes

Overview

When we step into a glorious and glorious temple, we will be amazed by the magnificence of this building. When we are in a warm, quiet and unpretentious space, we will feel exhausted. When we are immersed in the nature of red willow green, green mountains and green waters, and beautiful scenery, we will be intoxicated by the magical scenery of nature. What's going on here? It's a visual effect.

In our society, which attaches more and more importance to people-oriented, decoration and decoration are thinking about how to best meet the needs of human life and provide comfortable and excellent services for human beings. To be clear, decoration and decoration are to use all the materials and methods available to mankind to create the best visual effects to meet humanity's pursuit of beauty.

The role of vision

Overview

As far as styling is concerned, an image is a figure or a figure's outline. in

Historically, sketches often use symbolism and realism for space processing, which are derived from the different modeling concepts and requirements of painting. The sense of space presented in Western paintings is very specific and precise, and they tend to develop deeper into the picture. This is a very specific method of time and space. The medium is light, and the formal elements are light and dark tones. Therefore, sketches are also produced with The appropriate modeling method. Chinese paintings often use symbolic methods to deal with space, such as calculating white as black, and realizing virtual harmony.

Similarities and differences between auditory and visual arts

Although radio dramas are the same as movies, television dramas, and stage plays (including dramas, operas, etc.), as the name implies, radio dramas resort to hearing, while movies, television dramas, and stage dramas resort to vision. Therefore, radio dramas are called the art of sound, that is, the art of hearing; while movies, stage dramas and TV dramas are called "independently depicting vivid pictures of life", "the art of combining time and space" (Wang Liu, "Movie Screenwriter Learning "P1, P53, published by Beijing Broadcasting College Press), which is the art of visual. Hearing and vision both belong to sensation. Although there are obvious differences between the two, one is to touch human organs with sound; the other is to touch human organs with visible things. But there is also an inevitable connection between the two. "As aesthetic imagination in literary creation is consistent, it is also applicable to script creation. No matter movies, TV shows, radio plays have a common regularity, it is inseparable from aesthetic imagination. "(Zhu Baohe's" Writer Art of Radio Drama Screenplay "P53, published by China Radio and Television Publishing House) Radio dramas, movies, TV dramas, and stage dramas, which are works of art, are designed to touch people's senses, generate feelings, and achieve them through human thinking. The purpose of conveying thoughts and emotions and achieving aesthetic enjoyment to the audience.

However, visual arts have an undeniable advantage compared with auditory arts, because visual arts provide colorful, vivid pictures of life to the audience intuitively, so they are more willing to be accepted by most audiences. The author refers to this effect of providing life pictures intuitively, vividly and vividly to the audience, so that the audience can concisely and conveniently produce the aesthetic imagination effect, which is called visual effect.

Characteristics of radio dramas

Visual effects are not only the characteristics of visual arts such as movies, TV series and stage plays, but also the characteristics of radio dramas.

In order to illustrate this problem for good reason, we first interpret it with the help of famous people. Gorky said that literature is human science. "The center of drama art is people. The development of the theme and storyline of any drama must be based on and reflected by the characters." (Hu Peifen: "On the Art of Directing a Radio Play" "China Broadcasting" 1999 9th issue of the year) "Broadcast is the art of imagination." "As artists are rich in imagination, without imagination, they are not artists." "Imagination is the power of turning reality into objects of beauty. Imagination is The bond and lever of creation. Artistic creation needs to be imagined as important as birds need wings. "(Zhu Baohe," Broadcast Writer Art "P43, published by China Radio and Television Publishing House)" There are 17 expression media materials for movies and 12 for dramas. There are only three items in radio dramas. Whether it is film, drama, or radio, the same three items are: dialogue, sound effects, and music. And their performance forms all appear in the form of sound. "(Ibid. P99)" Aristotle did not regard action as a characteristic of the structure of the script, but as a basic element of the structure. "(? Beauty? John Howard · Lawson of "drama theater and film theory and techniques of" P214, China Film Press, 1978 edition) "saw only necessary to determine by visual and auditory body movements we have heard." (Ibid P216)

Without further citations, we can at least confirm the following points from the above celebrity discussions: 1. 1. The center of drama art is human, and the center of radio drama is human; 2. Radio drama, film, television drama, and stage drama belong to the art of drama. Drama art is the art of imagination, and radio drama is also the art of imagination; 3. Action is the basic element of the structure of the script? It must be determined by hearing and vision; Although there are only three media materials that can be expressed in radio dramas, they are shared with TV and drama. "The biggest difference between radio drama and television art is that it stimulates the imagination of the audience through sound."

Movies, TV series, and dramas use a variety of mediums of expression to directly provide viewers with direct pictures through the screen, television screen or stage, so that the audience can intuitively see the beginning and end of the storyline development; while radio dramas use sound art, through The audience's imagination provides the audience with an indirect picture, allowing the audience to "see" the development of the storyline. What the artists want to achieve is surprisingly consistent. This is the same goal and the same goal.

Auditory effect

A radio drama that cannot be converted from the auditory effect of the listener to the visual effect through the rich imagination of the listener cannot be considered a good work.

As we said earlier, although radio drama is an auditory art, the purpose it achieves is consistent with the purpose of movies, TV shows, and stage plays, all to make the audience perform art through the artistic appeal of works of art. Aesthetic modeling, conveying thoughts and emotions to the audience. "The biggest difference between radio dramas and visual arts is the use of sound to stimulate the imagination of the audience. Not only the character language, psychological activities and character feelings should be expressed with sound. Even the character's actions, expressions, environment and related objects must be expressed with sound. .This sound image is not the final artistic image. It can only form the final artistic image in the minds of the listeners through the imagination of the audience. "(Zhu Baohe," Broadcast Screenwriting Art "P44, published by China Radio and Television Publishing House) Mr. Zhu Baohe The artist's understanding of the artistic image created by sound here is the visual effect. The Goethe Talk recorded the following: "A script written on paper is nothing. The poet must understand the means by which he works, and must write the characters in the play fully adapted to the actors who play them. ...... A man who writes a script for the stage needs both knowledge and talent, both of which are valuable. If they are not combined, it will be difficult to obtain good results. "(Recited from Gu Chunfang's Drama Symphony (P248, Fudan University Press, 1998). Although Goethe is talking about the creation of a play script here, this principle is also applicable to the creation of a literary script of a radio play.

A good example is the radio series "Cohesion" recorded by Shanghai People's Broadcasting Station. (This radio series won the first prize of the 1996 China Radio Drama Awards Series.) "Cohesion" has shaped the image of an outstanding grassroots party cadre through the touching story of Zhou Xiaodong, the secretary of the Party Committee of the Street Committee, who cares about helping the poor elderly in the community. At the beginning of the script, the very poor family member Chen Xiaomei, the newly-appointed Zhou Xiaodong, the secretary of the Street Party Working Committee who visited the vegetable market, mistakenly thought that he was a thief who stole her wallet, and turned him to the street. At the desk that will belong to Zhou Xiaodong, "interrogation" Zhou Xiaodong. At the beginning of the play, it is a very action-oriented scene. This scene is composed of three pictures: 1. Chen Xiaomei twisted Zhou Xiaodong, Fang Juan opened the office, and the three went into the office; 2. Fang Juan interrogated Zhou Xiaodong; Chen Xiaomei found that she had wronged a good man and fled. Zhou Xiaodong asked Fang Juan about the situation. Although there were only two couples in the second scene, they were also very convincing:

The sound of rushing water.

Chen Xiaomei: (muttering while washing the dishes) confused ... really old, how to go wrong with Secretary Zhou Zhou ...

Dangdang two gongs.

Xiaomei Chen: Here it comes ... Old man, what do you want?

Li Akang: (weakly) water, turn off the tap a little ...

Chen Xiaomei: Well, I will shut down immediately ...

The sound of the water flow is low.

The bowl broke, and Chen Xiaomei was distressed.

Dang, Dang, two more gongs.

Xiaomei Chen: Here, here ... What's the matter with you, keep calling me, can't let me settle for a while.

Li Akang: Old lady, what's wrong with you today? When you come back from the vegetable market, I can't help you.

Xiaomei Chen: Old man, I'm in trouble!

There is actually only one scene in this scene. We can get such a picture through imagination: Chen Xiaomei was standing at the door of the tap faucet and washing dishes. Her husband Li Akang was lying in bed because of paralysis. Chen Xiaomei was wronged by the street party committee secretary and was uneasy. Although the content here is rich, there is only one picture. The picture of Chen Xiaomei washing dishes and chopsticks is real, but the picture of Li Akang lying on the bed ringing is false. Li Akang's voice came out. When Chen Xiaomei was washing the dishes, she heard that Li Akang broke the gong, and Chen Xiaomei broke the rice bowl. There are three kinds of sounds: the sound of running water, the sound of gongs breaking, and the sound of breaking a bowl. These three sounds produce three visual effects through the audience's image thinking. It is through these three voices that we "see" the series of actions that Chen Xiaomei produces from it, as well as Chen Xiaomei's expression. The effect is as if we were watching a TV series.

Screen art

Visual art is, to a certain extent, picture art.

"The film and television script is the basis of the film and television drama. Although the" screen or screen image "in the hands of the film and television screenwriter is still in the stage of expressing words, it can 'depict a vivid picture of life independently.' "'Means that it will be suitable to be reflected on the future screen or screen, and is a script that uses a unique picture to construct an image." (Wang Liu's "Movie Screenwriter" P1, published by Beijing Broadcasting Institute Press) In this discussion by Mr. Liu, we can realize that when film and television screenwriters create screenplays, they must first have a sense of screen and use the art of screen to create. Radio screenwriters should learn this picture art technique.

In layman's terms, there are two types of pictures we see on the screen or TV screen: Dynamic picture; 2. Still picture. It would be much easier to distinguish between static and dynamic with environment as the object and people as the subject. If the environment is not moving, people are moving in a specific environment. We call it a static picture. If people are moving and the environment is moving, we call it a dynamic picture. Of course, if we set the picture a bit more complicated, we should have a sense of scenery as a screenwriter. The pictures in the film and television drama are divided into several types such as panorama, medium, close and close-up.

At the end of the fourth episode of the radio drama "Swan Feast" recorded by Fujian People's Broadcasting Station, the screenwriter Liu Kangda used a panoramic picture:

In the mountains, Yu Linjun shouted one after another: "The Emperor has invited Master Mei-" "Master Where are you-come out soon-" "The Emperor invited Master Mei-"

The shout echoed in the valley, echoing the echo of the distant mountains, one after another ...

Use your voice to activate your audience's visual thinking

The key to converting auditory effects into visual effects is to use sounds (language, music, sound) to activate the audience's imagery thinking.

The famous radio drama director Hu Peifen introduced the creation of the radio drama "Flying Over the Yellow River" and said, "The cheers of the masses after the success of flying over the Yellow River were recorded later, plus low noise and background sound on the scene. The three layers of sound are added together. It became the "warm cheering" now. There was no cheering at the scene. After Ke Shouliang's speed car fell into the carton, people were concerned about Ke's life and death. There was almost no applause at the scene, and they all waited for Ke Shouliang from the carton Climb out. If this kind of "quiet" copying into a radio drama is definitely not possible. "The three performance materials in the radio drama must be converted into the pictures in the listener's mind, and ultimately it must be realized through the audience's imagination. The difficulty is conceivable. This is a very typical example. I use a word that is very popular in modern times to call this conversion "activation".

This kind of activation, I divided it into three forms.

1. Single form. It means that only one of the three performance materials is used to activate the image thinking of the audience. In the first episode of the radio drama "Diary of the People", there is such a scene: Xiao Zhou, a female office officer in the town office, and Xin Zhendong, a secretary of the town party committee, visit the ancient grandma who lives on the mountain more than 1,000 meters. At the door, he said so plainly: "This mountain is so high!" There is no audio? There is no music, but in front of the audience, there is a picture of a small group of mountains. The words are concise and effective. Originally we wanted to describe the height of the mountain through Xiao Zhou's mouth, but it was too cumbersome. In other radio dramas, there are also many successful examples of using the other mediums of expression, such as audio and music, to activate the audience's image thinking.

2. Double form. Refers to a mix of two performance materials. In our previous example, the dialogue between Xiaomei Chen and her husband Li Akang used this form. From the script point of view, only the conversation between Chen Xiaomei and Li Akang, the sound of running water, the sound of breaking the rice bowl and the sound of gongs. But this is enough for our audience to "see" a very dynamic picture.

3 Mixed form. This form refers to a mixture of three presentation materials. In the example of "Flying Over the Yellow River" cited by Director Hu Peifen, this is a typical example of this hybrid form. Cheering vocals, tense music? And the sound of friction between cars flying over space and the sound of falling into a cardboard box. This picture composed of language, sound and music is no less inferior to the picture provided by the TV series.

Literary works reflect the objective world, but there are two types of objects in the objective world, namely, moving and stationary. In moving objects, we must do our best to move, and use language, sound and music to fully reflect the nature of its movement. For objects that are still, we also need to use the descriptive functions of language, sound and music to give the audience a sense of angularity and activate their thinking and imagination space.

After the radio screenwriter has completed the literary script, it is followed by a second creation by the director, actor, and others. Of course, it is impossible for a playwright to become more overwhelmed and overwhelmed. It should be the work of a director and an actor. But screenwriters should not give up their efforts to find the best form of script writing because of the second creation of directors and other personnel. The reminders of literary scripts to directors, actors and other personnel should all be thought of.