What are the different generations of solar articles?
There are three basic generations of solar articles, although one of them does not yet exist and research is underway. They are labeled first, second and third and differ according to their costs and efficiency.
The first generations are highly and highly efficiency. These solar cells are produced in a manner of similar computers, including extremely pure silicon, use a single intersection to extraction from photon energy and are very effective and their theoretical efficiency is approaching a maximum of 33%. In 2007, the first generation products were 89.6% of commercial production, although the market share has since decreased. The production processes that are used to produce are inherently expensive, which means that these cells can take years to pay for their purchase costs. It is not thought that the first generation cells will be able to provide energy more cost -effective than the sources of fossil fuels.
The second generation that was under intense development within 90 and early 2000 are low -cost cellKy with low efficiency. These are most often thin film solar cells, patterns that use minimal materials and cheap production processes. The most popular materials used for this type are selenium copper India Gallium, telurid cadmia (CDTE), amorphous silicon and micromorphic silicon.
The standard example of second generation cells would be cells created by nanosolar, which uses a special machine to print cells at extremely fast speed. Although these cells have only 10-15% conversion efficiency, reduced costs more than this deficit. Second generation cells have the potential to be more cost -effective than fossil fuel.
Third -generation solar articles are only a research goal and do not yet exist. The aim of the solar energy research is to produce cheap and highly effective cells. This is likely to have thin-layer cells that use new approaches to gain efficiency in the range of 30-60%. Some analysts predict that third -generation cells could begin to commercialize sometime around 2020, but that's just an estimate. Third -generation -related technologies include multi -ground photovoltaic cells, tandem cells, nanostructured cells for better picking up the incident light and the use of excess thermal generation to increase the tension or carrier.