What Are the Properties of Chromium?

Chromium, chemical symbol Cr, simple substance is steel gray metal. The element name comes from Greek, meaning "color" because chromium compounds have color. In 1797, the French chemist LNVauquelin discovered a new mineral in the Siberian red lead mine (chromite), which was obtained by carbon reduction the following year. The content of chromium in the crust is 0.01%, ranking 17th. Free chromium is extremely rare and is mainly found in chromite ^[1] . It belongs to Group VIB in the periodic table of the elements, chromium has an atomic number of 24, an atomic weight of 51.9961, and a body-centered cubic crystal. The common valences are +2, +3, and +6. The oxidation number is 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 1, 2, 4, which is the hardest metal.

Ferrochromes and steels widely used in the steel industry

Chrome is used to make stainless steel, auto parts, tools, tapes and

Controlling blood sugar levels

Chromium is very important for blood glucose metabolism. It can improve the effect of insulin and make glucose smoothly enter human cells for metabolism to generate energy. If you have diabetes or hypoglycemia, you can regulate glucose metabolism in the body through chromium.

Cardiovascular protection

Chromium also plays a positive role in improving high-density lipoprotein (HDL, a lipoprotein that is beneficial to the human body) and reducing bile alcohol levels, which helps prevent and improve arteriosclerosis and prevent cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension.

Weight control

Chromium helps people reduce their craving for sweets, helps reduce body fat content, increases lean muscle tissue, and thus helps promote metabolism and maintain an ideal weight (the more lean muscle tissue, the higher the metabolic rate), which is very popular in diet foods welcome. ^[10]

In April 2012, according to a survey, 13 batches of medicines produced by 9 pharmaceutical factories exceeded the chromium standard for capsules, which exceeded the standard 90 times, and these 13 products were suspended for sale and use.

Chromium is a very toxic heavy metal, which easily enters human cells and causes damage to internal organs and DNA such as liver and kidneys. Accumulation in the human body is carcinogenic and may induce gene mutations.

When investigating the two capsule factories of Huaxing and Zhuokang, the white bag gelatin raw materials and the finished pharmaceutical capsules were sampled and sent for inspection. The gelatin chromium contents of the two factories were 62.43mg / kg and 103.64mg / kg, respectively, exceeding the standard by more than 30 times and More than 50 times; the chromium content of the capsules were 42.19 mg / kg and 93.34 mg / kg, respectively, exceeding the standard by more than 20 times and more than 40 times.

According to reports, these exposed drugs are commonly used drugs, not emergency drugs or essential drugs, and there are alternative drugs on the market. Doctors and pharmacists will prescribe alternative medicines for patients in all hospitals in this city. Retail pharmacies will also designate pharmacists to help patients recommend alternative medicines and provide medication guidance. Patients will not be affected by the suspension of these products.

The Municipal Drug Supervision Bureau will also conduct capsule drug supervision and inspection beyond the 13 products in the city, and discover and investigate at any time. In addition, Beijing will continue to strengthen the inspection of inbound products from external ports to prevent and eliminate the use of chrome over-standard capsules.

In response to this situation, the State Food and Drug Administration issued an urgent notice requesting the suspension of sales and use of 13 medicinal hollow capsule products. According to the State Food and Drug Administration, the relevant provincial Food and Drug Administration has been instructed to carry out supervision and inspection of the excessive levels of chromium in pharmaceutical hollow capsules reported by the media.

In the dictionary, the pronunciation of chromium is: gè

But in real life, especially in factories, luò is passed down from generation to generation. The reason for this phenomenon is that it is used to distinguish it from cadmium (gé) in chemical elements. The reason why Luo is pronounced is because people have a sense of language, chrome is metal, and the words with the word "each" next to them can be associated with the metal "soldering iron", which is pronounced as lao, luo (second reading, later) Change to polyphonic characters), the sense of language makes us associate between the two, so people prefer the pronunciation of luo, which is why many similar things have relatively similar vocabulary pronunciation, which is also the objective law of language development. ^[11-12]

In the future, chrome will be pronounced as gè or luò. It will take a long time to use spoken language. People will eliminate the inconvenient and uncomfortable pronunciation. In the end, it is customary to retain one of the most suitable pronunciations. The dictionary also follows this development law of the language and needs to be revised every so often. ^[13]

Now, we need to learn the two pronunciations of gè and luò at the same time, so that we can express and understand accurately in various situations.