What is Centromera?
Centromere forms part of the chromosome structure during nuclear divisions, both mitosis and meiosis. Chromosomes consist of long springs of DNA, which are connected in front of one type of division. This DNA stretching occurs during the interifase before mitosis or meiosis. It is an extremely important period, because DNA molecules create an identical copy of themselves, that the offspring have the right amount of DNA when the division is completed. Each chromatide contains a copy of the replicated DNA and the area where the chromatids are held together is called Centromera. Centomers can be found anywhere along the length of the chromosome, but the position is specific for each particular chromosome. Centromers plus two chromatides form the structure of a single chromosome.
Mitosis is a process where cells can be reproduced by distributing into two same offspring. Mitosis occurs in most cells and produces new cells that replace old or damaged or allow the body to grow. Meiosis occurs only in reproductive organs and is that JIf gamets, sperm and eggs are produced. Centomers play an important role in mitosis and meiosis.
Mitosis consists of four phases and at the end of the first duplicated copies of DNA form with a centromere that connects two identical chromatides together. At the same time, a spindle consists of protein microtubules across the core. During the metaphase, the second phase of mitosis, chromosomes are assembled across the center of the spindle. Each chromosome is connected to the microtubular spindle in its centromere.
During profse, identical chromatids of each chromosome are stretched. They are attracted to the opposite pole -core microtubules connected to each centromer. After the division of each chromosome, a cell producing two identical cells with the same DNA in each. All cells, with the exception of gametes, have two copies of each chromosome. One chromosome of each pair comes from the father and one from the mother. These chromosomes have the same GeneTical information, genes found in the same place and are called homologous chromosomes.
Meiosis In principle, mitosis occurs twice in the same cell, with several specific differences. First, during meiosis, homologous chromosomes will stand along the spindle. When the spindle fibers are connected to the centromers, the chromosomes are stretched. Two cells are formed, but now they have only one copy of each chromosome or half the bottom.
The second DNA division is identical to mitosis. Chromosomes are aligned along the spindle equator and each microtubule connects to the centromer of each chromosome. Chromatids are attracted to the opposite poles of the nuclei and create new cells. Because chromatides have the same copies of DNA, each final cell has one copy of each chromosome. The final result of meiosis is the existence of four gametes with only half the bottom.