What are anaerobic bacteria?
Anaerobic bacteria or anaerobes are bacteria that do not need oxygen to live. In humans, these bacteria generally live in the gastrointestinal tract, but can also be found in other places outside the body, including soil and water, food and animals. Some anaerobes are beneficial to people, but others can cause diseases such as appendicitis, diverticulitis and gingivitis. The characteristics of anaerobic bacterial infections are poorly scented pus, abscesses formation and tissue destruction.
beneficial or harmful
Rod bacteroides is an example of anaerobic bacteria that are beneficial and harmful. In the gastrointestinal tract, the species of this genus help digestion, but when in other areas of the body they can also cause sinus thrombosis, pneumonia and meningitis. Other anaerobes help people without life in their bodies. For example, some types of Lactobacillus are commonly used in the production of cheese. Similarly, some types of Clostridium may be used in Bioremediation, which is the process of reuse of contaminated soil; They do this by attacking contamination and converting into non -toxic carbon dioxide.
There are three categories of anaerobic bacteria: mandatory, aerotolerant and optional. Weak anaerobes need an oxygen environment to live. They cannot grow in places with oxygen that can sometimes damage and destroy them. Aerotolerant bacteria do not use oxygen to live, but may exist in their presence. Optional anaerobes use fermentation to grow in places without oxygen, but use aerobic breathing in places with oxygen.
porphyromonas gingivalis is an example of mandatory anaerobe. It is commonly found in the mouth, but it is also assumed that it is associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Common example of aerotolerant anaerobic bacteria is propionibacterium acnes . Normally it exists on the skin of people and it is a contributing factor to acne.In some cases it enters the body and causes endocarditis, which is an inflammation of the heart lining.
Some species in the family Staphylococcus are optional and are the main cause of blood poisoning. One example is Staphylococcus aureus , which produces a number of infections from common skin problems such as acne, cook, and impetigo for acute conditions such as meningitis, endocarditis and pneumonia. It also causes toxic shock syndrome (TSS). Another optional anaerobe is Escherichia coli , which contains many useful bacteria strains and some harmful, such as those that cause food poisoning.
anaerobic infection
Many anaerobes infects open wounds, diabetic skin ulcers, bites and other skin lesions. bacteroides are some of the most common anaerobic bacteriatas in the wounds of the feet of diabetics. Anaerobes often exist with aerobic bacteria that need prosperity. This is common in foot ulcers, which makes treatment difficult.
other anaerobes, such as those in the family Actinomyces , can cause dental infections in the mouth. Benign anaerobic bacteria can normally develop in infections, causing abscesses, pain and inflammation. Rinse with hydrogen peroxide releases oxygen, which can help district bacteria or slow its growth. Anaerobic mouth infections can also occur in root canals, jaws, almonds and neck.
Sometimes anaerobes infect the lungs, cause abscesses, pneumonia, purulent pleurisy and dilated lung bronchi. Other times they affect the abdomen and cause peritonitis and abscesses. Several species can be found throughout the body; For example, species in the genus Actinomyces generally appear in the oral cavity and the upper part of the mirespiic tract, but may exist in the gastrointestinal tract. Other species live in specific areas such as the large intestine. Types bacteroides usually occur in human feces and cause tissue destruction when they are fromAvenens to the wound.
Symptoms of infection
Symptoms of anaerobic infection usually vary depending on its position, although the pain and fever are quite common. For example, infections in the region of teeth and gums often cause pain, swelling and gingiva bleeding and also a bad breath. In severe cases, a person may have ulcers or large openings.
A person with a neck infection can have a sore throat, a feeling of suffocation or fever along with a bad breath. People with lung infections may have difficulty breathing, as well as cough, chest pain and fever. Those with abdominal infections can have fever and pain. If a person has recently undergone surgery, he may be ignited from his wound. Pelvic winds generally cause pain, fever, chills and drainage from the uterus.
anaerobic bacterial infections in skin wounds generally appear as red, swollen areas and can secrete pus against smell. Blood infections often cause chills and high fever and can eventually lead to death. IfBlood poisoning usually has red stripes in the skin near the wound, although the wound seems to be not infected.
Risk Factors
For those who endaled immune systems, have undergone or suffered an increased risk of infection. People with diabetes mellitus, blood vessel diseases, cancer and tumors are also more susceptible to bacterial infections.
Sometimes it is difficult to know where a person has infected a disease based on bacteria. For example, the spores of bacteria in the family Clostridium , which can cause tetanus, botulism and gas gangrene, can live in harsh conditions for a long time before they germinate and grow. NY infection mapping is caused by several types of anaerobic bacteria that work together.
common shapes
Anaerobes has many shapes. Actinomyces have rod shapes that can be straight, slightly curved or branched. propionibacterium also comes in several shapes such as oval, club shape or rod shape, as well asbranched and forks. Doctors and scientists use shape as one of the identification factors in the diagnosis of the patient or studying bacteria.